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HOLT
The American Nation
IN THE MODERN ERA
Chapter 3
THE CIVIL WAR
Section 1: The Union Dissolves
Section 2: The North and South Face Off
Section 3: Fighting the War
Section 4: The Final Phase
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
The American Nation
IN THE MODERN ERA
Section 4: The Final Phase
Objectives:
 What were the results of the Battle of Gettysburg?
 Why was the Union victory at Vicksburg significant?
 What was General Grant’s strategy in the summer of
1864?
 What were the strategy and tactics of General
Sherman?
 What were the terms of the surrender at Appomattox?
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
The American Nation
IN THE MODERN ERA
Section 4: The Final Phase
The Battle of Gettysburg
 Lee was forced to retreat back to Virginia.
 The Union army gained confidence that the
Confederate army could be beaten.
 Casualties numbered more than 50,000 in three
days of fighting.
 Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address when
the battlefield was dedicated as a cemetery.
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
The American Nation
IN THE MODERN ERA
Section 4: The Final Phase
Vicksburg
 Combined with the fall of Port Hudson, Louisiana,
victory at Vicksburg gave the Union complete
control of the Mississippi River.
 The city’s fall cut off Arkansas, Louisiana, and
Texas from the rest of the Confederacy.
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
The American Nation
IN THE MODERN ERA
Section 4: The Final Phase
Grant’s strategy
 take advantage of the North’s soldiers and supplies
 keep fighting despite losses
 fight a war of attrition
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
The American Nation
IN THE MODERN ERA
Section 4: The Final Phase
Sherman’s tactics and strategy
 waged total war
 destroyed economic resources
 spread demoralization
 burned Atlanta and captured Savannah
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON
HOLT
The American Nation
IN THE MODERN ERA
Section 4: The Final Phase
Terms of surrender
 All soldiers would be fed.
 Confederate officers could keep their side arms.
 Soldiers could keep their horses and mules.
 Rebels would not be tried for treason.
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HOLT, RINEHART
AND
WINSTON