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American History At A Glimpse
Created By: Renee Adams
Credit is given to the following websites for the textual information
and some of the graphics in this presentation:
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb
http://www.earlyamerica.com
Colonial America
1492-1763
• European nations came
to the Americas to
increase their wealth
and broaden their
influence over world
affairs. The Spanish
were among the first
Europeans to explore
the new world and the
first to settle in what is
now the united states.
Colonialism and Trade
http://omp.gso.uri.edu/doee/history/colonial/c2.htm
Colonial America
• By 1650, however,
England had established a
dominant presence on the
Atlantic coast. The first
colony was founded at
Jamestown, Virginia, in
1607. Many of the people
who settled in the New
World came to escape
religious persecution. The
Pilgrims, founders of
Plymouth, Massachusetts,
arrived in 1620.
The Pilgrims landing at Plymouth
Rock
Plymouth Rock
Colonial America
• In both Virginia and
Massachusetts, the
colonists flourished with
some assistance from
Native Americans. New
World grains such as
corn kept the colonists
from starving while, in
Virginia, tobacco
provided a valuable
cash crop.
Colonial America
• By the early 1700s
enslaved Africans made
up a growing
percentage of the
colonial population. By
1770, more than 2
million people lived and
worked in Great
Britain's 13 North
American colonies.
Revolutionary Period
1764-1789
• Defending the Colonies against attack by the French
and others had cost the British a great deal of money.
As a result, the British had very high taxes in their
country. They thus decided to shift some of their
financial burden to the colonists.
French and Indian War
http://www.mohicanpress.com/bushy_run.html
The Stamp Act
• The Stamp Act of 1765,
which taxed all legal
documents, newspapers and
other documents, was met
with a great uproar in the
Colonies. In 1766, this tax
was repealed, but it was just
the beginning of the
problems between the
colonists and the British.
The Boston Tea Party
• The Boston Tea
Party in 1773 was
an act of revolt
against the British
and their tax on tea
in the Colonies.
• Americans dressed
up like Indians and
threw thousands of
dollars of tea into
the bay.
http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/british/brit-2.html
We Want Our Freedom
• Tensions such as these
eventually led to the
writing of the
Declaration of
Independence in 1776.
• Americans decided that
they wanted to govern
themselves instead of
being ruled by
England.
The Revolutionary War
• The War of Independence, also known as
the American Revolution, began between
America and England.
Lexington
and
Concord
1775
Yorktown
1781
Valley
Forge
1778
Battles
of the
Revolution
Bunker
Hill
1775
Saratoga
1777
Revolution Info
• There were many, many battles during the
American Revolution.
• At times, it looked as though the British were
winning, and then the American “patriots” would
take the lead.
• The Revolution finally ended in Yorktown where
General Cornwallis surrendered to General
Washington.
• The Revolution made heroes out of men like
General George Washington, who went on to
become the 1st President of the US.
A New America Emerges
• When the British
finally surrendered
on October 19,
1781, Americans
were officially
independent of
Britain and set about
establishing their
own government.
Treaty of Paris
http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/lessons/american_revolution_i
mages/revolution_images.html
The New Nation
1790-1828
• Americans had a lot to
deal with during this
period. They struggled
with the need to
increase taxes to pay
for the American
Revolution.
• Taxes were a touchy
subject, since this was
one of the reasons the
Revolution against
Britain happened to
begin with.
Louisiana Purchase
• Under President
Jefferson, the
country expanded
westward with the
purchase of the
Louisiana territory
and the Lewis and
Clark expedition.
War of 1812
• US vs. Britain
• Sometimes called the
Second War of American
Independence
• Lasted three years
• US tried to gain control of
British controlled Canada
while Britain was fighting
against France
• US lost
• After the war, a mood of
nationalism existed as
people focused on events
and issues at home.
Western Expansion & Reform
1829-1859
• Many Americans of this
time, embraced the
notion of enlarging the
"empire for liberty." In
other words, they
wanted to expand the
borders of America
westward. While some
pioneers headed west
to California in search
of gold, others
attempted to expand
the idea of what "liberty"
in America meant.
Panning for gold
http://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:0zYKMgkd88kg0M:library.thinkque
st.org/5181/Panner.gif
Times…They Are A Changing
http://www.towards-success.com/dejnarde_files/civil_war_slavery_picture.jpg
http://www.towards-success.com/dejnarde_files/african_american_slavery_picture.jpg
Abolitionists opposed laws that kept African Americans
enslaved. As new states were admitted to the Union,
there were many arguments over the new states being
free or slave states.
The Civil War
1860-65
Conflict over issues of how much control the federal
government should have over the states, industrialization,
trade, and especially slavery had increased tension
between Northern and Southern states. The entire
southern economy relied on slavery, but the north wanted
to slowly phase slavery out…and so the fighting begins.
http://students.umf.maine.edu/~kelleykl/civil%20war%20reinactment.jpg
We’re Outta Here!
http://www.historyofwar.org/Maps/acw_secession.gif
After Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860, 11 Southern states
seceded (or withdrew) from the Union and set up an independent
government, the Confederate States of America, where they would be
free to have slaves if they wanted to.
The Civil War
• These events led to
the outbreak of the
Civil War--a brutal,
bloody, four-year
conflict that left the
South defeated and
ended slavery at the
cost of more than
half a million lives.
http://members.chello.fr/georgesmcrei/CivilWar.jpg
Reconstruction
1866-1877
• After the North defeated the South in the Civil
War, politicians faced the task of putting the
divided country back together.
Union soldiers freeing slaves
http://www.sonofthesouth.net/Thomas_Nast/Thomas_Nast_Southern_Plantation.jpg
Reconstruction
• There was great debate
about how severely the
former Confederate
states should be
punished for leaving the
Union. With the
assassination of
President Lincoln in
1865, it was up to
President Andrew
Johnson to try to reunite
former enemies.
Emancipating the Slaves
http://www.sonofthesouth.net/slavery/abraham-lincoln/pictures/abraham-lincoln-350.jpg
Reconstruction Acts
The Reconstruction Acts of 1867 laid out the process
for readmitting Southern states into the Union.
The Civil War Amendments
• Thirteenth AmendmentAbolished slavery
• Fourteenth Amendmentprovided former slaves
with national citizenship
• Fifteenth Amendmentgranted black men the
right to vote.
http://www.americanheritage.com/assets/images/articles/web/20060131-13th-amendment.jpg
The Gilded Age
1878-1889
http://www.wsu.edu/~peckham/photo/fa483/project/images/immigrants.jpg
The growth of industry and a wave of immigrants
marked this period in American history.
Westward…HO!
http://www.vancouver.wsu.edu/fac/higgs/cl/fa380/img/wk5/28provo.jpg
The production of iron and steel rose dramatically and western
resources like lumber, gold, and silver increased the demand for
improved transportation. Railroad development boomed as trains
moved goods from the resource-rich West to the East.
Money, money, money,
money…MONEY!
• Steel and oil were in
great demand. All this
industry produced a lot
of wealth for a number
of businessmen like
John D. Rockefeller (in
oil) and Andrew
Carnegie (in steel),
known as robber barons
(people who got rich
through ruthless
business deals).
John D. Rockefeller
http://images.forbes.com/images/2004/03/11/carnegie.jpg
The Progressive Era
1890-1913
• Because of its rapid
economic and social
growth, the U.S. had
become a major world
power. So when Cuban
rebels began a violent
revolution against Spanish
rule in 1895, and a
mysterious explosion sunk
the U.S.S. Maine in the
Havana harbor, the U.S.
entered into what diplomat
John Hay called "a
splendid little war" with
Spain.
http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A9G_RtsVozRHgYYAsSWjzbkF/SIG=12fk9kfn2/EXP=1194718
357/**http%3A//www.history.navy.mil/photos/images/h61000/h61236.jpg
It’s All About Control
http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A9G_RqvxpDRH1ZUATiijzbkF/SIG=12dtlqtll/EXP=1194718833/**http%3A//www.historical-museum.org/history/war/usa-cubb.jpg
Although the Spanish-American War ended relatively
soon, issues over ownership of the Philippines,
Puerto Rico, and the Hawaiian islands also had to be
resolved.
Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt
• 2nd in command of the “Rough
Riders”- a voluntary military
group who fought in the SpanishAmerican War.
• 26th President
• Lively character, full of energy
• Attacked big businesses
(monopolies)
• Attacked “yellow journalism”
(false reports in the newspapers)
• Lover of nature
• After serving as president for a
term, he later formed the Bull
Moose Party and ran
(unsuccessfully) for President
again against Taft.
http://www.kerstengallery.com/images/seo/teddy_roosevelt.jpg
The Great War and the Jazz Age
1914-1928
Foreign affairs
(relationships with
other countries) took
up a great deal of
President Woodrow
Wilson's attention.
http://www.americancorner.org.tw/AmericasLibrary/assets/jb/reform/jb_reform_wilson_1_e.jpg
Foreign Problems
In Europe, there was the outbreak of
World War I, also known as the Great
War, in 1914, and in Mexico, there
was the Mexican Revolution.
http://www.greatwardifferent.com/Great_War/Children
s_Books/Stories_of_the_Great_War/Stories_of_the_Gr
eat_War_03.jpg
Pancho Villa and Mexican revolutionaries
http://www.tombstone1880.com/wildbill/mrphotos1/smmrphoto4.jpg
Leave Me Out Of It!
http://www.shsu.edu/~his_sub/map-WWII%20Europe%20and%20Africa.jpg
At first, Americans did not want to get involved in
WWI (isolationism) they supported the Allies in
their fight against Germany, Austria, Hungary,
Bulgaria and Turkey. Finally, the U.S. entered the
war in 1917.
4 MAIN Causes of WWI
•
•
•
•
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
•Militarism: Building up
one’s military for possible
action
•Alliances: Many European
countries grouped together
and fought against other
countries (“I gotcha back”)
•Imperialism: Using force
to take over lands that are
not your own
•Nationalism: EXTREME
pride in one’s country (“We
are better than you”)
“V” Is For Victory
• The war concluded in
1918 and the Treaty of
Versailles was signed in
1919. The Allied
Powers of the U.S.,
Great Britain, Japan,
Italy, Russia, France,
Belgium, Serbia and
Montenegro had been
“The BIG Four”: George (UK),
victorious.
Clemenceau (France), Orlando (Italy),
President Wilson (US)
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Council_of_Four_Versailles.jpg/240pxCouncil_of_Four_Versailles.jpg
Germany Has To Pay Up
• Germany had to admit
their fault in causing
WWI
• Germany had to pay
war reparations (war
costs) for starting the
war
• Germany had to give
up some land and
military power
The
Jazz Age
• Some of the youth in
the 1920s danced at
night clubs and
changed their clothing
styles.
• Women exercised their
newly found freedom
(having won the right to
vote in 1920).
• The 18th Amendment
(Prohibition) prohibited
alcohol usage and
production. Some turned
to a life of crime and got
wealthy from breaking
this law—bootleggers.
Bootleggers
http://spot.colorado.edu/~kuncec/Gangsters.gif
Flapper
http://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:qvJODeJCIVsk5M:www.valdosta.edu/~msstev
en/flapper.jpg
The Harlem Renaissance
(1920s)
• Harlem nightclubs
thrived, spotlighting
numerous artists
such as jazz
musicians Louis
Armstrong and Duke
Ellington.
• African-American
culture was shown
in art work, writings,
and songs.
http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/h/images/harlem_motley_
nightlif_th.jpg
th
19 Amendment
• Women now have the
right to vote in ALL
states.
• A great victory in
women’s rights
• Women being granted
the right to vote is
called “suffrage”.
Gov. Morrow of Kentucky signs the 19th
Amendment
http://www.americaslibrary.gov/assets/jb/jazz/jb_jazz_19tham_2_e.jpg
Great Depression
1929-1941
• October 29, 1929, was
a dark day in history.
"Black Tuesday" is the
day that the stock
market crashed,
officially setting off the
Great Depression.
Unemployment
skyrocketed--a quarter
of the workforce was
without jobs by 1933
and many people
became homeless.
http://www.lowrisk.com/image/29crash.gif
The Great Depression
• The stock market crash
DID NOT cause the Great
Depression
• Too many goods were
being produced
(overproduction) and not
enough were being bought
• BIG gap between the rich
and the poor (unequal
distribution of wealth)
• The economy was in a
slump
http://teachers.eusd.k12.ca.us/mguerena/Coursework/E
ye%20For%20Reality/The%20Great%20Depression%
20Brown.jpg
Herbert Hoover
• President Herbert
Hoover attempted to
handle the crisis but
he was unable to
improve the situation.
• He though the
problem would correct
itself (it did not).
http://portrait.kaar.at/USA%202/images/herbert
_hoover.jpg
I’m Gonna Give Americans a
New Deal
• In 1932, Franklin Delano
Roosevelt (FDR) was elected
president and he promised a
"New Deal" for the American
people.
• FDR was stricken with polio and
loss much of the use of his legs.
• He was married to his 5th
cousin, Eleanor Roosevelt, who
was an advocate for the poor as
well as women and AfricanAmerican rights.
http://plaza.ufl.edu/jacarey/Imagef1.jpg
New Deal Programs
• Congress created The
Works Progress
Administration (WPA)
which offered work
relief for thousands of
people.
• FDR also implemented
many other programs to
create jobs for the starving
Americans (Ex: CCC,
TVA, WPA, AAA…)
http://re3.mm-a4.yimg.com/image/2932343553
The Dust Bowl
• Between 1933 and 1936, the Great
Plains states suffered from severe
drought.
http://www.weru.ksu.edu/new_weru/multimedia/dus
• This farm land had been abused
during WWI when agriculture was
really needed to feed the troops.
tbowl/big/dustbowl2b.jpg
• The topsoil had been ruined and the
wind blew the powder-dry dirt for
thousands of miles to the east, often
forcing farmers to flee their land and
settle more westward (mostly in
California).
http://www.weru.ksu.edu/new_weru/multimedia/dustbowl/dustbowlpics.html
World War II
• The end to the Great
Depression came about
in 1941 with America's
entry into World War II.
America sided with
Britain, France, and the
Soviet Union against
Germany, Italy, and
Japan.
• Americans now had
jobs building weapons,
growing food, and
producing materials for
the war.
http://www.clemson.edu/caah/architecture/studio
south/images/1920/wwII.gif
Adolf Hitler
• The ruthless and cruel
leader of the German
“Nazi” Party in WWII.
• The Nazis hated all who
were not from the Arian
race (especially Jews,
blacks, and the
handicapped).
• Hitler sent millions of
Jews to concentration
camps where they were
starved, worked, tortured,
and murdered. This is
known as the Holocaust.
http://www.dictatorofthemonth.com/Hitler/hitler2.jpg
The Holocaust
• Over 6 million Jews
were murdered during
the Holocaust.
• The bodies of the dead
were buried in mass
graves or burned in the
incinerators (big
stoves).
• Many were the
subjects of cruel
medical experiments.
http://bokertov.typepad.com/btb/images/holocaust_mas
s_grave_belsen.jpg
Germany and the Holocaust
• The loss of lives in this
war was staggering.
The European part of
the war ended with
Germany's surrender in
May 1945.
• Over 6 million Jews
were murdered in these
concentration camps.
Those that survived
were rescued by
American soldiers when
the war ended.
Concentration Camps
http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images;_ylt=A9ib
y4AvLjNHq4AATjyJzbkF?p=concentration+camps&ei=
UTF-8&fr=yfp-t-501&x=wrt&js=1&ni=20
The Bombing of Pearl Harbor
December 7, 1941
Japanese bombers flew
over the US naval base at
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii and
killed 2,500+ people
Japan was angry because the
US had cut off supplies to
them for being involved
with Germany.
http://images.news14.com/media/2006/12/7/images/0
1_pearl_harbor.jpg
V-J: “Victory in Japan”
• Japan surrendered
in September 1945,
after the U.S.
dropped atomic
bombs on Hiroshima
and Nagasaki.
http://re3.mm-a8.yimg.com/image/4114060907
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
• The US decided to drop an
atomic bomb on the
Japanese city of
Hiroshima because Japan
would not surrender after
bombing Pearl Harbor.
• Three days later, the US
dropped a second atomic
bomb on the city of
Nagasaki. Japan finally
surrendered.
http://pegasus.phys.saga-u.ac.jp/imagesMacPC/ForPEACE/bomb1.jpg
http://pegasus.phys.saga-u.ac.jp/imagesMacPC/ForPEACE/hypocenter.jpg
1946 To The Present
• The U.S. was involved
in a Cold War with the
Soviet Union.The Cold
War was not a real war
with the Soviet Union;
this term refers to the
chilly relations the U.S.
had with the formerly
communist nation,
which, since its
breakup, is called
Russia.
http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~jwrathma/pics/coldwar2.jpg
The Red Scare
• In the States, the "Red
Scare" of communism
of 1950 resulted in the
McCarthy hearings.
Senator Joseph
McCarthy accused
many Americans of
being communists,
which led to loss of
employment for many
artists, teachers, and
government employees
(many of which were
innocent.)
http://www.atomicplatters.com/images/re
diceberg_cvr_510.jpg
The Korean War
1950-1953
• A civil war between the
North Koreans (communists)
and South Koreans.
• N. Korea wanted to take over
the S. Korean government
• US supported S. Korea and
China and the Soviet Union
supported N. Korea (during
the Cold War Era)
• The war “technically” never
actually ended because S.
Korea did not sign the treaty,
but a ceasefire (armistice)
was signed in 1957.
http://www.glynn.k12.ga.us/BHS/academics/junior/hun
t/jamiej17588/korea2.jpg
Martin Luther King Jr.
• Ushered in the civil
rights movement
• Was a southern AfricanAmerican preacher who
advocated peacefully
for black rights.
• Famous also for his
“Free At Last” speech
• Wrote the “Letter From
the Birmingham Jail”
• Was assassinated
http://re3.mm-a8.yimg.com/image/3998570481
John F. Kennedy (JFK)
• The youngest elected
President
• Catholic from
Massachusetts
• Worked for the rights of
African-Americans
• President during the Bay
of Pigs/Cuban Missile
Crisis
• Married to Jackie
Kennedy
• Assassinated by Lee
Harvey Oswald during a
motorcade tour through
Dallas, Texas in 1963
http://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:tnj
RZSezZfImXM:www.jfk50mile.org/imag
es/JFK.jpg
To The Moon!
• Always competing with
Russia in technological
advancements, the US
became the first to land on
the moon in 1969 (“the eagle
has landed”.
• Neil Armstrong was the first
man to walk on the moon.
Famous line: “That’s one
small step for man, one giant
leap for mankind.”
http://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:Qw2XV_9tSqVik
M:www.medaloffreedom.com/NeilArmstrongMoon.jpg
• Similar to the Korean War, in
that one country was divided
by communism. Americans
did not want communism to
spread, so they stepped in.
• North Vietnam (communist)
• South Vietnam (supported by
the US)
• Ended when the South
Vietnamese capital, Saigon,
was taken over by N. Vietnam
(YES, we lost)
• 1.4 million military personnel
were killed
Vietnam War
1959-1975
http://www.pieceuniquegallery.com/page/pix/TP6506.jpg
Richard M. Nixon
• US Republican President from
1969-1974
• Guilty of bugging the offices
of the Democratic National
Committee (the Watergate
Scandal) during his reelection campaign.
• Nixon’s involvement in
Watergate was proven by
recordings that he himself had
made.
• Resigned after the Watergate
Scandal
http://tbn0.google.com/images?q=tbn:rcrt6fmabc7XdM:w
ww.visitingdc.com/images/richard-nixon-picture.jpg
Tearing Down The Wall
• The wall closed off
communist East Germany
to non-communist West
Germany after millions
fled to West Germany
between 1949-1961.
• The wall was a symbol of
the Cold War.
• The fall of communism is
symbolized by tearing
down the wall between
East and West Berlin in
1989.
http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A9gnMiHFJzNHJmwA9Ti
jzbkF/SIG=130a9jdvp/EXP=1194621253/**http%3A
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d2_Images/Berlin_Wall.JPG
George W. Bush
• Our current President of the
US
• Son of former US President,
George H.W. Bush
• President that declared “War
on Terrorism” when the Twin
Towers in New York City
were attacked/destroyed on
9-11-2001
• Currently engaging the US
military in a costly and
lengthy war against terrorism
in Iraq
http://re3.mm-a8.yimg.com/image/4041151662
• Terrorists from leader
Osama bin Laden’s Al
Qaeda group hijacked three
planes on the morning of
September 11, 2001 and
crashed two of them into
the Twin Towers (center of
trade in the US), killing
thousands of innocent
people.
9-11
• Bin Laden has not been
caught and terrorists
continue to kill innocent
people in countries all
around the world daily.
• Today, we continue to fight
other countries that harbor
and aid terrorists.
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jzbkF/SIG=12kp4fq8i/EXP=1194621498/**http%3A//i
mages.surclaro.com/Screenshots/FreeStyle/911_tribute.J
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