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Division of Somatic Cells 1. Interphase Known as the resting stage of cell division. Has three separate stages within it: G1 phase- Regular cell growth and development takes place. S phase- DNA replication takes place in this stage. G2 phase- The making of organelles that are required for cell division. Cell Cycle 2. Mitosis Dividing of the nucleus Has 4 stages: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Prophase Chromosomes appear. Nuclear envelope begins to breakdown. Centrioles- Tube-like structure in the cytoplasm. Spindle- The fibers that attach the cetromere of the chromosomes to the centrioles. Metaphase Chromosomes line-up in the middle of the cell. Anaphase Chromosomes are pulled apart at the centromere One chromatid from each chromosome goes to opposite sides of the cell. Telophase Chromosomes go back into chromatin. Nuclear envelope re-appears. Spindle breaks apart and centrioles diminish. 3. Cytokinesis The dividing of the cytoplasm Cell division isn’t complete until the cytoplasm divides. Cleavage Furrow: Pinching of the cell membrane in animals to divide the cytoplasm. Cell Plate: Structure that forms between two cells of a plant that develops into the cell wall and divides the cytoplasm. Cytokinesis Summary Mitosis and cytokinesis result in the formation of two genetically identical cells with the same number of chromosomes.