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Movement Through the Membrane
1. Which diagram most likely represents the
fruits in FRESH WATER?
2. Which diagram most likely represents the
fruits in SALT WATER?
Movement Through the Membrane
3. Why do you think supermarkets spray their
produce (vegetables) with water?
Movement Through the Membrane
• Identify each as an example of OSMOSIS or
DIFFUSION:
1. The student sitting next to you just came from gym class
and forgot to take a shower.
2. One way to get rid of slugs in your garden is to sprinkle
salt on them so they shrivel up.
3. Making a cup of tea
4. Leftover salad wilting in the refrigerator
5. Smoke escaping from the chimney
6. Stained cotton t-shirt soaking in sink
7. Smell of perfume spreading through the room
8. Soaking celery sticks in red water
Warm Up
1. What organelle in plant cells is responsible for
photosynthesis?
2. How do the materials needed for
photosynthesis enter the plant cell?
Chocolate Chip Cookies
Ingredients:
Directions:
2 1/4 cups all-purpose flour
1 teaspoon baking soda
1 teaspoon salt
1 cup (2 sticks) butter, softened
3/4 cup granulated sugar
3/4 cup packed brown sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
2 large eggs
2 cups (12-oz. pkg.) semi-sweet
chocolate chips
1 cup chopped nuts
PREHEAT oven to 375° F.
COMBINE flour, baking soda and salt in
small bowl. Beat butter, granulated sugar,
brown sugar and vanilla extract in large
mixer bowl until creamy. Add eggs, one at
a time, beating well after each addition.
Gradually beat in flour mixture. Stir in
morsels and nuts. Drop by rounded
tablespoon onto ungreased baking sheets.
BAKE for 9 to 11 minutes or until golden
brown. Cool on baking sheets for 2
minutes; remove to wire racks to cool
completely.
Let’s Think About the Recipe
• What are the ingredients (raw materials)?
• What is being made (products)?
• What provides the energy for the change to
take place?
• Did any of the ingredients disappear or get
lost during the process?
Video Clip: Brain Pop - Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Recipe Card
• You will create a “recipe” for photosynthesis to summarize
your understanding of this important cell process.
• Your recipe must include:
– The “ingredients” (raw materials) needed for
photosynthesis
– The “procedure” or the process that occurs during
photosynthesis
– The “product” or result of photosynthesis
– Illustration of photosynthesis
– NEATNESS & COLOR!
Photosynthesis Recipe Card
See pg. 94 in your textbook…
Photosynthesis
From the Kitchen Of: (your name)
(2) INGREDIENTS:
Illustration:
PROCEDURE:
(definition of photosynthesis)
(2) PRODUCTS:
Warm Up
1. Take out your Photosynthesis Recipe Card,
and pass it to the front of your row.
2. What structure allows a plant to carry out
photosynthesis?
D
C
A
B
Cell Energy
Photosynthesis & Respiration
Photosynthesis
Cell Energy
Respiration
Foldable
Cell Energy
Energy
• All living things need energy to
– Live
– Grow
– Reproduce
• Plants (producers/autotrophs)
– Get energy from the sun which they use to make
food
• Animals (consumers/heterotrophs)
– Get energy from their food
Photosynthesis
• The process by which autotrophs use sunlight,
carbon dioxide, and water to make food.
• Pigments:
– Molecules that absorb light energy
– Chlorophyll (“fills” chloroplasts)
• Main pigment of photosynthesis
• Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts
- in the leaves of the plant.
Raw Materials (“Ingredients”)
• Carbon dioxide
– Taken into the plant through the stomata
• Water
– Taken into the plant through the roots
Stomata
Energy
• Sunlight
– Absorbed by the chlorophyll in the chloroplasts.
– Provides the energy to change the raw materials
into the products of photosynthesis.
Products
• Food
– Glucose (a carbohydrate)
– Stored by the plant
• Oxygen
– Released out of the plant through the stomata.
Photosynthesis
(Illustrate on the cover of your foldable.)
Glucose
(Carbohydrate)
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O
carbon + water
dioxide
RAW MATERIALS
Light energy
sunlight
C6H12O6 + 6O2
glucose + oxygen
PRODUCTS
Intervention: Photosynthesis –
“Hands” Summary
Write a brief sentence in each finger to answer the following
questions. Your answers should be written in the hand
location identified below.
Left Palm—definition of photosynthesis.
Left Pinky Finger—Where does photosynthesis occur in a
plant cell?
Left Ring Finger—Why does photosynthesis occur?
Left Middle Finger—What is the chemical equation (words)
of photosynthesis?
Left Pointer Finger—What are the raw materials of
photosynthesis?
Left Thumb—What are the products of photosynthesis?
* Color the hand GREEN when you finish. *
Photosynthesis “Hand” (TOC #38)
1. Use your left hand
drawing to
complete.
2. When you are
finished, color the
hand GREEN.
Definition:
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Video
• Amoeba Sisters – Photosynthesis
Got Food! Now What?
• Autotrophs
– Perform photosynthesis to make food
• Heterotrophs
– Eat food
Cellular Respiration
• Respiration (breathing) provides the oxygen
needed for cellular respiration, and removes
carbon dioxide.
• (Cellular) respiration – the process by which
cells use oxygen to produce energy from food
– In eukaryotes, takes place in the mitochondria.
Cellular Respiration
• In warm-blooded animals…
– Most of the energy from cellular respiration is
used to maintain body heat.
– The rest is used to form ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) – which supplies energy for the cells
activities.
• ATP = energy
• BrainPop - Respiration video clip
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2
energy + 6H2O + 6CO2
glucose + oxygen
energy + water + carbon
dioxide
RAW MATERIALS
PRODUCTS
This is known as aerobic respiration – it requires oxygen!
• aero = air/oxygen
Respiration Video
• Amoeba Sisters – Respiration
• Photosynthesis & Respiration Review WS
“Hands” Summary - Respiration
1. Write a brief sentence in each finger to answer the
following questions. Your answers should be written in
the hand location identified below:
– Right Palm—definition of cellular respiration.
– Right Pinky Finger—Where does cellular respiration occur
in a plant/animal cells?
– Right Ring Finger—Why does cellular respiration occur?
– Right Middle Finger—What is the chemical equation of
cellular respiration?
– Right Pointer Finger—What are the raw materials of
cellular respiration?
– Right Thumb—What are the products of cellular
respiration?
2.
Color your hand drawing red.
Respiration “Hand”
1. Use your right hand
drawing to
complete.
2. When you are
finished, color the
hand RED.
Definition:
Respiration
Comparing Photosynthesis &
Respiration
• They have “opposite” equations
– The products of one are the raw materials of the
other.
Fermentation
• Some cells are able to obtain energy without
oxygen.
– Anaerobic respiration
• An = without
aero = air/oxygen
• Fermentation – an energy-releasing process
that does not require oxygen.
– Provides energy for cells without using oxygen
– Less energy is released than in aerobic respiration
Fermentation
• 2 types:
– Alcoholic fermentation
• Yeasts
• Alcohol, carbon dioxide & small amount of energy are
produced
• Carbon dioxide causes bread to rise
– Lactic-Acid fermentation
• Occurs in muscle cells when you are working your
muscles very hard.
• Build up of lactic acid
– Causes muscles to feel weak, tired, & sore