Download Chapter 19 Rehabilitation

Chapter 19
Rehabilitation
Health Care
Science
Technology
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Objectives
State the goal of rehabilitation.
 Discuss the roles and
responsibilities of people who
have careers in the field of
physical therapy.
 Compare careers in occupational
therapy and recreational therapy.
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Chapter 19
Objectives (cont.)
Discuss the roles and
responsibilities of a speechlanguage pathologist and an
audiologist.
 Discuss the use and practice of
communicating with sign language.
 Successfully complete 7
rehabilitation procedures.
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Careers in Rehabilitation 19-1
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Physical Therapy Careers
Occupational Therapy Careers
Recreational Therapy
Speech, Language, and Hearing
Careers
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Careers in Rehabilitation
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The goal of rehabilitation health care
workers is to help people develop or
recover as many of the abilities for
the activities of daily living (ADL) as
possible.
Physical therapy careers include:
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Physical therapy aide.
Physical therapy assistant.
Physical therapist.
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Chapter 19
Careers in Rehabilitation (cont.)
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Occupational therapy careers include:
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Recreational therapy careers include:
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Recreational therapist.
Speech, language, and hearing careers
include:
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Occupational therapy aide.
Occupational therapy assistant.
Occupational therapist.
–
Speech-language pathologist.
Audiologist.
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Chapter 19
Physical Therapy Careers
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Physical therapists – experts in
examining and treating
problems that affect clients’
abilities to move and function
in their daily lives.
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Chapter 19
Physical Therapy Careers (cont.)

Physical Therapy Aide
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Not licensed, so they do not perform the
clinical tasks of a physical therapist or
physical therapy assistant.
Duties may include clerical tasks, filling
out insurance forms, and transporting
clients.
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Chapter 19
Physical Therapy Careers (cont.)

Physical Therapy Assistant
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Holds 2-year associate degrees that are
offered by junior, community, and/or technical
colleges.
Performs components of physical therapy
procedures under the supervision of a
physical therapist.
Provides services that improve mobility,
relieve pain, and prevent or limit permanent
physical disabilities.
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Chapter 19
Physical Therapy
Careers (cont.)

Physical Therapist
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Takes basic science and specialized courses
to obtain a college degree. Some programs
require volunteer service.
Responsibilities include:
Examining client’s medical histories.
 Testing and measuring client’s strength, range
of motion, balance and coordination, posture,
muscle performance, respiration, and motor
function.
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Chapter 19
Occupational Therapy Careers
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Occupational therapist – helps
clients of all ages regain,
develop, or master everyday
skills such as dressing,
grooming, bathing, and eating.
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Chapter 19
Occupational Therapy Careers
(cont.)

Occupational Therapy Aide
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Receives on-the-job training.
Prepares materials and assembles
equipment used during treatments.
Answers the telephone, restocks,
and orders supplies.
Fills out insurance forms and other
paperwork.
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Chapter 19
Occupational Therapy Careers
(cont.)

Occupational Therapy Assistant
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Works under the supervision of an
occupational therapist.
Holds an associate’s degree or a
certificate.
Assists the occupational therapist
with rehabilitative activities and
exercises.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Occupational Therapy Careers
(cont.)

Occupational Therapist
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Obtains a 4-year degree
certificate.
Helps people develop,
recover, maintain, or improve
their ability to perform
necessary tasks.
May work in schools, with
the elderly, or with the
mentally challenged.
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Chapter 19
Recreational Therapy
Helps clients restore
function and
independence.
 Also called therapeutic
recreation.
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Chapter 19
Recreational Therapy (cont.)
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Recreational Therapist
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Uses arts and crafts, music, drama,
animals, sports, and games to treat
clients with physical and mental
problems.
The goal is to help clients reduce
depression, stress, and anxiety.
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Chapter 19
Speech, Language,
and Hearing Careers
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Speech-language
pathologists assess, treat,
and prevent communication
and swallowing disorders.
Audiologists assess and
treat hearing and balancerelated problems.
Certified speech-language
pathologists and certified
audiologists usually must
obtain a master’s degree.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Speech, Language,
and Hearing Careers (cont.)

Speech-Language Pathologist
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Works with clients who have:
Difficulty making speech sounds.
 Problems with speech rhythm and fluency.
 Voice quality problems.
 Difficulty understanding and producing
language.
 A wish to improve their communication
impairments.
 Oral motor problems.
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Speech, Language,
and Hearing Careers (cont.)

Speech-Language Pathologist
(cont.)
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Speech and language problems can
result from a variety of conditions, such
as:
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Hearing loss.
Brain injury or deterioration.
Cerebral palsy.
Stroke.
Cleft palate.
Cognitive disabilities.
Emotional problems.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Speech, Language,
and Hearing Careers (cont.)

Audiologist
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May work in a variety of settings, often as a
member of an interdisciplinary team of
professionals.
Uses audiometer to determine the loudness
at which a client begins to hear sounds.
Fits and tunes cochlear implants.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Section 19-1
Apply Your Knowledge
Which therapist uses games,
sports, and arts and crafts to help
clients restore independence?
Answer:
Recreational therapist.
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Rehabilitation Procedures 19-2
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Range of Motion Exercises
Transfer (Gait) Belt
Crutches
Canes
Walkers
Clients Who Are Falling
Examinations of the Ear
Testing Hearing
Sign Language
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Range-of-Motion Exercises
Help maintain muscle tone and
joint flexibility and prevent
contractures.
 The 3 categories of range-ofmotion exercises are:
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Active range-of-motion.
Active assisted range-of-motion.
Passive range-of-motion.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Transfer (Gait) Belt
A band of fabric or leather
that is positioned around a
client’s waist during transfers
or ambulation.
 Should never be applied to a
client’s bare skin.
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Crutches
One type of walking aid for
clients who are unable to use
one leg or who need to gain
strength in both legs.
 Usually prescribed by a
physician and fitted by a
therapist.
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Chapter 19
Canes
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Walking aids used
by clients who
have weakness on
one side of the
body to gain
balance and
support.
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Chapter 19
Walkers
Support devices
with a frame, hand
grips, and four
points at the bottom.
 Provide more
support than a cane
or crutches.
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Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Clients Who Are Falling
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Factors that increase the risk
of falling are:
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Advancing age.
Impaired vision.
Confusion.
Diarrhea or urinary frequency.
Medications that cause
sedation.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Examinations of the Ear
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An otoscope is used for
routine examinations of
the ear. Some can deliver
a small puff of air to the
eardrum.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Testing Hearing
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An audiogram – a graph used to
determine the extent of hearing loss. It
shows low pitch or frequencies (tones),
indicating where hearing levels start.
The unit of measurement is called a
decibel (dB).
The 3 types of hearing loss are:
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Conductive.
Sensorineural.
Mixed.
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Chapter 19
Sign Language
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American Sign Language (ASL)
is similar to spoken languages.
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Uses a single gesture to express
many ideas and concepts.
Communicates the alphabet,
numbers, and over 1200 words or
phrases using hands and
gestures only.
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Section 19-2
Apply Your Knowledge
What unit of measurement is
used for sound?
Answer: Decibel (dB).
32
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Chapter 19
Procedures in Student Text
19A
19B
19C
19D
19E
19F
19G
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Performing Range-of-Motion Exercises
Ambulating a Client with a Transfer
(Gait) Belt
Ambulating a Client with Crutches
Ambulating a Client with a Cane
Ambulating a Client with a Walker
Helping a Client Who Is Falling
Removing and Inserting a Hearing Aid
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Chapter 19
Additional Procedures
in Lab Activity Manual
LM19-1
34
Assisting with an Examination
of the Ear
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Chapter 19
Chapter 19 Credits
Slide 10
Slide 14
Slide 15
Slide 17
Slide 27
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Corbis
Mark Richards/Photo Edit
Hank Morgan/Science
Source/Photo Researchers
Terry Wild Studio
Lou Bopp Photography
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Chapter 19