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Life in Nazi Germany
What was life like in Nazi Germany?
Hitler Consolidates Power
• President Hindenberg dies in 1934 – Hitler names himself President
• Hitler becomes Fuhrer (Supreme Leader) – Rudolf Hess: Dep. Fuhrer
• Hitler bans all other political parties – has his opponents arrested
• Hitler forms the SS an elite black-uniformed unit that eliminated
Hitler’s political enemies. The SS run by Heinrich Himmler
•A branch of the SS was a secret police
force known as the Gestapo
•Gestapo kept everyday citizens in order
by terrorizing them into obedience
Ministry of Propaganda
•1933: Hitler appoints Joseph Goebbels
as Minister of Propaganda
•Propaganda is used against Jews
(blaming them for pre-war problems) &
other perceived enemies of the Reich
•Goebbels orders the burning of books
written by Jews or anti-Nazi authors
•Children joined the Hitler Youth or
League of German Girls
Nazi Propaganda #1
A German children’s book titled:
The Poisonous Mushroom
1.
Describe cover of the book and
the adult in the book.
2.
What is the author of this book
trying to teach German
children?
Nazi Propaganda #2
Translation: The Jewish
worm makes his move
1. Describe the worm, what is
he doing?
2. What is the poster trying to
say?
The Nuremberg Laws
• 1935: two sets of laws were passed in Germany defining race &
citizenship
• 1) Protection of German Blood & Honor – 1935
• Racial categories: German, Mischling (grade 1 & 2) and Jews
•The laws forbid the marriage of
Jews to non-Jews
•Laws forbid the marriage of
Mischlings
•Jews also couldn’t display the
Reich or National Flag
2) Reich Citizenship Law - 1935
• Only Germans are citizens,
citizens have obligations to
Reich
• Article 2 – Only citizens of the
Reich have complete rights
Kristallnacht “Night of Broken Glass”
• 1938: a 17-year old Jewish man avenges his father’s deportation to
Poland by shooting a German diplomat
• Nazi leaders respond by launching an attack against all Jews
• Goebbels authorizes the attacks, Himmler & SS carry out the attacks
• Businesses are smashed, homes are burned and thousands of Jews
are arrested
• Nazis have a goal to eliminate Jews from Germany
• Nazis begin to experiment with poison gas, on disabled citizens
Nazi Racial Purity – Film Clips: Amen directed by Costa-Gavras
1.
Why do you think Stephan Lux kills himself at a
League of Nations meeting?
2.
What were the Nazis doing to people with
disabilities in Germany?
3.
How does the Catholic Church respond to the
Nazi plan to eliminate “unproductive” citizens?
4.
How does the reaction of Lt. Gerstein differ from
the rest of the SS officers?
5.
What do you think a “unit” is? Why do Hess &
the Nazis use that term unit?