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Whose voice guides your choice? Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Propaganda techniques in the media What are Propaganda techniques? • Propaganda is designed to persuade. • Its purpose is to influence your opinions, emotions, attitudes, or behavior. • It seeks to “guide your choice.” Who uses Propaganda? •Military •Media •Advertisers •Politicians •You and I What are some of the techniques used to persuade us? •Bandwagon •Name-calling •Testimonial •Glittering Generality •Plain-folks appeal •Transfer •Emotional words •Faulty Reasoning •Fear Bandwagon •Everybody is doing this. •If you want to fit in, you need to “jump on the bandwagon” and do it too. •The implication is that you must JOIN in to FIT in. Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 For example: If the whole world uses this VISA card, you must need one too. Bank of the World Visa CardYou can use it from Tennessee to Timbuktuanywhere you travel in whole wide world !! Sign up today at www.bowvisa.com Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Name-calling •A negative word or feeling is attached to an idea, product, or person. • If that word or feeling goes along with that person or idea, the implication is that we shouldn’t be interested in it. For example: Do we want a mayor who will leave us in debt? Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Spending grew 100% under Mayor Moneybags! Testimonial •A famous person endorses an idea, a product, a candidate. •If someone famous uses this product, believes this idea, or supports this candidate, so should we. For example: If we drink milk we will all be as famous as Milly the model. Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Milly the Model asks, “Got Milk?” Glittering Generality •A commonly admired virtue is used to inspire positive feelings for a person, idea, or product. •Words like truth, democracy, beauty, timeless are examples of those general terms. For example: If you want to be brighter, you’ll support Bill Brite. Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Look on the bright side! Vote for Bill Brite ! Plain-folks appeal This idea, product, or person is associated with normal, everyday people and activities. For Example: We want a Jim Smith, a mayor who supports the regular American worker. Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Vote for Smith Transfer •Symbols, quotes, or images of famous people are used to convey a message. •The message may not necessarily be associated with them. For example: Joe uses symbols of America to tie his restaurant to American values for Independence Day. Celebrate the American Way this 4th of JulyEat at Joe’s Joe’s Barbeque Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Emotional words •Words that leave us with positive feelings are used to describe a product, person, or idea. •We associate those words and, therefore, those positive feelings with the product. For example: What feelings are inspired by the words “true love”? If you wear this cologne will someone fall in love with you? True Love Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Faulty Reasoning •Factual supporting details are used though they do not support the conclusion. It works like this: •Christians believe in God. •Muslims believe in God. •Christians are Muslims. For example: Does this mean that teachers need medication to keep their cool during the school day ? More teachers recommend Calmme to help them make it through the day Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Snob Appeal • Means you’re using the “best” product. • Makes you feel as though you or the product are better than others. For example: When you only want the best in life, you buy a Mercedes, not a 20year-old Yugo. Card Stacking • Using deliberate distortions to make your side seem better by • suppressing information • over exaggerating • highlighting some facts while ignoring others For example: Do they really expect you to believe that cigarettes are good for you with no side effects? Scientific Approach • This refers to research that is biased, poorly done, or containing major flaws. • It can also mean a "scientific" claim that is not based on research at all. • It can be in the form of tests, statistics, extreme claims, claims that cannot be proven, & jargon (big words that sound scientific but the average person doesn’t understand). • This distorts good science into bad science. For example: Do they really expect you to believe that science says that soda is good for babies? What tests? What studies? Who did these studies? Where’s the paperwork & evidence from these studies? Scientific Approach • Bell Ringer ~ Answer in your notes. • “The great masses of the people will more easily fall victim to a big lie than to a small one.” • What do you think of this quote? • Do you (based upon our studies of propaganda so far) think this is true? • What kinds of propaganda have you fallen for? Mein Kampf • “The great masses of the people will more easily fall victim to a big lie than to a small one.” • Is from Hitler’s book entitled Mein Kampf (meaning “My Struggle” or “My Battle”). • “In his book, Hitler divides humans into categories based on physical appearance, establishing higher and lower orders, or types of humans. At the top, according to Hitler, is the Germanic man with his fair skin, blond hair and blue eyes. Hitler refers to this type of person as an Aryan. He asserts that the Aryan is the supreme form of human, or “master race.” ” Mein Kampf (continued) • • “And so it follows in Hitler's thinking, if there is a supreme form of human, then there must be others less than supreme, the Untermenschen, or racially inferior. Hitler assigns this position to Jews and the Slavic peoples, notably the Czechs, Poles, and Russians.” “Throughout Mein Kampf, Hitler refers to Jews as parasites, liars, dirty, crafty, sly, wily, clever, without any true culture, a sponger, a middleman, a maggot, eternal blood suckers, repulsive, unscrupulous, monsters, foreign, menace, bloodthirsty, avaricious, the destroyer of Aryan humanity, and the mortal enemy of Aryan humanity...” • So…How did Hitler pull-off convincing almost an entire Youth Indoctrination • “From the 1920s onwards, the Nazi Party targeted German youth as a special audience for its propaganda messages. These messages emphasized that the Party was a movement of youth: dynamic, resilient, forwardlooking, and hopeful. Millions of German young people were won over to Nazism in the classroom and through extracurricular activities.” • They know, just as advertisers do today, the best time to start is when they are little. That way, they hear it more often. School (where you spend most of your time), clubs (put on by the government), and home. Youth Indoctrination • “After 1933, the Nazi regime purged the public school system of teachers deemed to be Jews or to be “politically unreliable.” ” • Why would they do this? • Those left taught what they were told to teach…and most of it was filled with propaganda. Der Giftpliz • “While censors removed some books from the classroom, German educators introduced new textbooks that taught students love for Hitler, obedience to state authority, militarism, racism, and antisemitism.” • Der Giftpilz (toadstool) was a book aimed at kids & often read & taught at school. • Why would a kids’ picture/story book be a good way to influence kids? Der Giftpliz • “It was put out by Julius Streicher, the publisher of Der Stürmer who specialized in anti-Semitic propaganda. He was convicted in the Nuremberg trials, 1946, and executed for his role in the Holocaust.” The Poisonous Mushroom • http://www.professorgair.com/poisonousmushroom-with.pdf • “What made the stories so particularly powerful was that they did not just portray the Jews as evil and dangerous people. In the stories, it is young German children who are the heroes. Sometimes they are able to help and support their parents by criticising the Jews. Occasionally they even manage to tell their parents a thing or too. Helping mummy and daddy, pleasing them and 'getting one over on them' are all things that are very attractive to children.” The Poisonous Mushroom The Poisonous Mushroom 1. Read the story once without stopping. 2. Go back through the story. 3. Highlight the parts that are examples of propaganda techniques. 4. Tell why each example is that type of propaganda. 5. Tell why each example would have influenced kids. • You may write on the handout &/or put your Works Cited Portions of this PowerPoint taken from alex.state.al.us/.../Whose%20Voice%20Guides%20Your%20Ch oice.ppt Nazi Propaganda information was taken from the following sources: – http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/kampf .htm – http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=1000 7820 – http://mandelproject.us/mcabee.htm – http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-