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WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING • The existing Biochemical Engineering Building • built some 30 years ago to provide temporary laboratory space (3 years) for the Biochemical engineering research • energy inefficient –inadequate insulation; poor climate control • leaky roof and unattractive. • Needs constant repair • expensive to operate and maintain Western Engineering Students’ Activity Building Champions: /Dr. Franco Berruti/Dr. Ernest Yanful • The goal of the proposed project is to replace the existing aging Bioengineering building with a modern, state of-the-art, environmentally friendly, and energy-efficient building designed by students with the help of Engineering faculty and external advisors consisting of engineers and architects. WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING • The building will be used as a Western Engineering Students Centre with facilities to meet the needs of present and future students. • The Students Centre will serve as the focal point for students life at Western Engineering. • It will provide a special place where the next generation of Engineering students can learn, study, and interact with one another on both an academic and social level, in an environmentally and ecologically minded atmosphere. • It is a sustainable development education initiative that is unique in Canada, utilizing groundbreaking conservation concepts and practices, and future technologies • Integration of both the technological and the environmental aspects of Engineering into an overall learning process WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING Our vision is to combine the human factor in technology with a commitment to sustainable development, and sound environmental stewardship embracing all aspects of teaching, learning and research here at Western Engineering. WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING Requirements - Three Floors with no basement - 1048 m2 Per Floor (11275 ft2 Per floor) - The Green Building will be will be located adjacent to Western’s main Spencer Engineering Building and the new Thompson Engineering Building. It will be connected to these buildings via a 2nd floor passageway- greatly enhancing ease of movement between key areas of Western Engineering. - The road running between the Thompson Building and the proposed Green Building will remain. - Building should be designed to allow future extension to its northern face. Western Engineering Students’ Activity Building (Cont’d) • Features of the Building: Three-storey approx. 34,000 sq. ft. (11,275 sq. ft on each floor) - laboratories and design studios for first and upper year design courses and projects, such as – Sunstang and Formulae SAE, and WEDD; library with reading rooms • Estimated Cost: $7 million including demolition of existing building and costs of ‘green technologies’ according to the LEEDS guidelines WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING • • • • Elevator at the back of the atrium Stairs at the front or the atrium No Basement First Floor –12000 ft2, materials lab, machine shop, 2 design studios, and a cafeteria that opens to the atrium (greenhouse/biosphere) • Second Floor – 12000ft2, 5 concentric seating lecture theatres, 4 conference/meeting rooms (1600ft2 each) • Third Floor – 12000ft2, Library, 2500ft2 lounge with wireless internet access, offices for library staff, 10 reading rooms, offices for student services, academic offices (Ex. student clubs, WES, Student activities Formula SAE, Sunstang) FEATURES OF BUILDING • Computerized access (wheelchair and elevator) with a public building efficiency viewing station • Geothermal energy regulating temperatures • Wastewater and grey water treatment • Smart lighting (with automated dimming and motion censors) • Smart electronics (computers, fax machines, photocopiers, etc. that go into power saving mode when not in use) • High Efficiency HVAC, highly insulated. The building should perform as a “cold climate” insulated building in the winter and as a naturally ventilated “tropical” building in the summer. • Waterless, low flow, composting, or biomass treating system for toilets and sinks • Recycled materials used in construction • Substantial wood construction? FEATURES OF BUILDING • • • • • • Green roof Rain/snow harvesting Solar collectors and solar cells Indoor air quality control Individually operable windows Design will incorporates chimney effect, heat sink, and thermo siphoning. • Cafeteria Facility, managed and run in part by the students, will offer a wide selection of nutritious foods within a conservation-minded, paperless and waste-free environment. • Mini Green house or Biosphere FEATURES OF BUILDING A Mini-Biosphere The centrepiece of the Engineering Student Centre will be a beautiful glass-domed “green” garden atrium featuring growing plants, running water and tranquil ponds. This common area will not only provide a stimulating natural environment conducive to student socialization and study, but will also provide a unique educational opportunity. Within this mini-biosphere, students will study and learn how engineering design of the building itself impacts the fragile natural environment. As students conduct water management, biochemical, thermal energy, and other studies, they will learn what it means to create efficient and ecologically sustainable integrated engineering designs. Designed by Students for Students • Conceptual design phase of the three-year project will begin in September 2004, • Initial design work to be performed by students as part of their 4th Year Design Project course. In 2005, supervised students will conduct detailed integrated design work in collaboration with industry- including architects and engineering consulting firms- to tackle the structural, environmental, materials, mechanical and electrical requirements. • The Centre is tentatively scheduled for completion in late 2006 Designed by Students for Students Integrated Design Process Core Team: architect, client, CE, SE, ME, EE, CE, EnvE, BCE, IE plus a design facilitator • Define performance goals at the outset • Define sustainability goals using tools such as GREEN GLOBES-Natural Resources Canada • Emphasize and incorporate team work right from the beginning Designed by Students for Students • ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED • Demolition of existing Bioengineering building • Recycling of materials: scrap metals; ‘hot market’ $275/metric tonne. For example, China-not enough supply • Structural, foundation, building envelope, energy, materials, power supply, operational issues • Type of construction: wood, smart concrete, precast/castin-place, steel? Vision:Load reduction and increased efficiency: minimum (zero, if possible) storm water runoff; reduced energy consumption, use of green materials, mimimum ecological footprint, use of renewable energy sources, eco-efficiency PROPOSED STUDENTS DESIGN TEAMS (WESTERN) • • • • • CBE -2 Groups (3 Chemical and 3 Biochemical Engineering students) CEE - 2 Structural engineering groups - two possible solutions to one problem; 4 students in each group) ECE -2 Groups ( 1 group: 3 electrical engineering students + 1 computer e2ngineering student; another group: 2-3 software engineering students) IE -multidisciplinary team (one student from each discipline of engineering CEE, CBE,MME, Software, ECE, and integrated) MME - 12 Mechanical engineering students (4 projects to be done by 4 groups of 3 students each) Chicago Centre for Green Technologies Chicago CCGT- Solar Panels CCGT • Purpose: to reduce fossil fuel emissions released when electricity is produced. • CCGT Design includes: • ● Photovoltaic cells. • ● Passive light designs including a green house with heat absorbing tiles and skylights. • ● Smart lighting, which adjusts the electrical lights according to the available natural light, thus lowering electricity requirements. • ● Motion-sensitive lights that turn themselves off when the room is empty. CCGT Green Roof –reduce stormwater input to city sewer system CCGT-Rain Harvesting CCGT-Ground Source Heat Pump CCGT-Design Features • CCGT Design includes: • ● A ground source heat pump and pipes which carry fluid through a series of lopped pipes 200 feet below ground level. The liquid is used to regulate the temperature in the building. • ● Highly effective insulation, including the green roof, was required to lower heating and cooling expenses. • ● CCGT uses natural gas to heat the building because it is a renewable resource. • ● The building is made from manly local materials (this reduces pollution related to transportation and helps the local economy). • ● Use less harmful chemical products both for the construction and for the maintenance of the building. • ● The green roof creates oxygen from carbon dioxide through the natural processes of the plant life. York University Computer Science Building York Computer Science Building • The 9,282m2 computer science building, with 3 stories, was designed mainly for energy efficiency but has many other ‘green’features. Design Features • energy efficient in the winter and summer • heavy insulation and lot of natural light • open concept design with a central atrium and exhaust columns to allow natural venting and natural lighting; York Computer Science Building • “thermal chimney effect”, : Warm air (daytime) rises up to the ceiling and replaces cooler air. Warm air is siphoned off using fans at the top of the exhaust columns and by computerized windows at the top of the atrium. The hot air is replaced by fresh air, which is collected at ground level on the shaded north side of the building. • -HVAC system turned off during many days of the spring and fall days, when the external temperatures are relatively moderate. • This climate control has resulted in an energy consumption rating that is 50% less than the ASHRAE requirements of 600 Mj/m2/yr, for a building of its size. York -The lit oval area at the ceiling is one of the exhaust columns that vents hot air and lets natural light into the building. York Comp Science Building Additional Building Features: • Green Roof: low maintenance natural vegetation; irrigated with collected rainwater. Used as recreational area by faculty and students. • Perimeter glazing on the windows; allows heat control in warm temperatures. Manually operable windows. York Comp Science Building Additional Building Features Cont’d: ● A large atrium space in the centre of the building brings light into the centre of the building and houses tropical plants which flourish all year. ● Acoustic sealing to minimize echoes and noise. (This is an issue for an open concept design with an atrium or large lecture halls) ● To promote alternate transportation, covered bicycle racks and shower rooms are provided. ● 50% fly ash concrete was used instead of standard concrete. York has subsequently decided that all future construction on campus will be done using 50% fly ash concrete. Architects: Busby and Associates Architects and Van Nostrand di Castri Architects Engineers: KEEN Engineering (Mechanical), Yolles (Structural), Carinci Burt Rogers (Electrical) York Comp Science BuildingGreen Roof York Comp Science BuildingAtrium York –Operational Problems • Many unique mechanisms and features that require maintenance and extra attention. • The building’s temperature varies greatly depending on what side of the building a reading is taken. The south side is very warm and the north side is very cold, because of the large amounts of glass. • The basement was reportedly “very musky” when the building was first opened, however the moisture levels have since been reduced. LEED Accreditation United States: the most prominent green building accreditation program is called the Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED) rating system. This is system for defining and rating green buildings. A Canadian equivalent rating system (Canada 2000) is being produced at this time. It is expected to focus on the same major areas that the LEED rating system does. These areas are: ● Sustainable Site Planning ● Safeguarding Water and Water Efficiency ● Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy ● Conservation of Materials and Resources ● Indoor Environmental Quality LEED Certification • The United States Green Building Council (USGBC) uses the LEED checklist to rate a building. Depending on the total points achieved for solutions related to the above areas, a rating for the building is awarded as follows: • • • • • • • • Certified Silver Gold Platinum 26-32 points 33-38 points 39-51 points 52-60 points Benefits The benefits of receiving a rating from such an organization are more positive publicity and it promotes a high quality of design. It also gives designers a method of comparing new designs to old designs in order to determine their success.