Download Psychology for AP by David G. Myers Karla

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Psychology for AP
by David G. Myers
Karla Gingerich, Colorado State University
Unit 13: Treatment of Psychological
Disorders
While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that
had been bothering her recently, Jenny was
instructed by her therapist to report any ideas or
memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny’s
therapist was making use of a technique known as:
A.
B.
C.
D.
active listening.
free association.
systematic desensitization.
transference.
Humanistic therapies differ from
psychoanalytic therapies in all of the
following ways, EXCEPT:
A. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to
encourage the client to take immediate
responsibility for feelings.
B. humanistic therapists are more oriented to the
present and future, rather than the past.
C. psychoanalytic therapists are more likely to
emphasize unconscious processes.
D. humanistic therapists are more growth-oriented.
McKenzie’s therapist believes that active
listening is an extremely important
component of therapy. He is probably a:
A.
B.
C.
D.
psychoanalyst.
cognitive therapist.
behavior therapist.
client-centered therapist.
Client-centered therapists emphasize
the importance of:
A. exploring clients’ childhood relationships with
other family members.
B. interpreting the meaning of clients’ nonverbal
behaviors.
C. enabling clients to feel unconditionally
accepted.
D. helping clients identify a hierarchy of anxietyarousing experiences.
A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear
of water by getting her to swim in the family’s
backyard pool three times a day for two
consecutive weeks. The therapist’s approach to
helping Rebecca best illustrates:
A.
B.
C.
D.
stress inoculation training.
aversive conditioning.
exposure therapy.
humanistic therapy.
A cognitive therapist would be most
likely to say:
A. “That sounds quite frustrating. It isn’t easy to
be in a situation like that.”
B. “Can you think of a more positive interpretation
of what happened?”
C. “Just say whatever comes to mind, no matter
how trivial or irrelevant it might seem.”
D. “Next time you start to feel anxious, you can
use the relaxation techniques we’ve been
working on.”
For which of the following disorders is
psychotherapy most likely to be
effective in the long run?
A.
B.
C.
D.
generalized anxiety disorder
major depressive disorder
chronic schizophrenia
phobias
Researchers have sought to answer the
question, “Does psychotherapy work?”
Generally speaking, the answer seems to be:
A. yes, people in therapy improve more than people in
control groups.
B. yes, but people in therapy improve at the same rate as
people who are receiving placebo treatments.
C. no, therapy does not provide any benefits; people who
just let time pass improve at the same rate as people in
therapy.
D. no one really knows, because so far the only method
used to answer this question has been interviewing
former therapy clients.
The effectiveness of psychotherapy
shows little if any connection to:
A. the level of training and experience of the
therapist.
B. the length of time a client has experienced
symptoms of disorder prior to therapy.
C. the particular disorder experienced by a client.
D. the extent to which the process depends on
changing clients’ personalities.
The placebo effect best illustrates the
importance of _______ in therapeutic
success.
A.
B.
C.
D.
active listening
psychopharmacology
behavior modification
cognitive processes
Critical Thinking Questions
If a therapist tells a client, “Rank order
the things that frighten you from least to
most,” the therapist is most likely
practicing:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freudian therapy.
systematic desensitization.
Gestalt therapy.
token economy.
Jon’s therapist laces his alcoholic drink with
a drug that makes Jon sick. After getting
sick a few times, just the sight of the drink
makes Jon nauseous. In this example, the
conditioned stimulus is the:
A.
B.
C.
D.
drug.
alcohol.
nauseous response to the drug.
nauseous response to the sight of the drink.
Your therapist asks you to try to remember
your dreams. He also encourages you to
review incidents in early childhood. Your
therapist is most likely practicing:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freudian therapy.
cognitive therapy.
behavior therapy.
humanistic therapy.
In your therapy session you often review
your current behaviors as compared to what
you think you should be doing. Your
therapist is kind and listens to your ideas,
even if you think they are silly. Your
therapist is most likely practicing:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Freudian therapy.
Jungian therapy.
cognitive therapy.
humanistic therapy.
Samuel receives some very bad news,
and feels quite low. As time passes, you
would expect:
A. his emotions to return to their usual state.
B. his emotions to stay low until something unusually
good happens to him.
C. him to become much happier than usual, since people
typically bounce back and forth between emotional
extremes.
D. him to stay emotionally low unless he goes in for
psychotherapy.