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The Brain & Trauma July 9, 2013 – Adams County Foster Parents Presented By: Aaron Wiemeier M.S. LPC Trauma What is Trauma? Trauma Definition: Medical Injury or insult to body/shock Psychiatric Experience that is emotionally painful or distressing Both can be Acute or Long Term Trauma Definition: Psychiatric/Emotional Subtypes: Developmental (1) Environmental Secondary Trauma Important Notes: • Trauma is relative • Body/Brain organized to heal trauma naturally • Developmental trauma as harmful as single acute episode (1) • Be aware Perception of Trauma What one feels is traumatic another may not Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Criteria: A) Both 1) experience/witness/confronted death/serious injury/threat of 2) Response fear/helplessness/horror Trauma Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Criteria: B) Recurrent thoughts/dreams/feelings C) Avoidance of things associated with event D) Persistent symptoms of increased arousal E) Duration F) Causes clinically significant impairment in social, occupational or other areas of functioning Trauma Trauma Memory Non-Declarative Memory Trauma Trauma Memory Stored as early as 6 months In-Utero Stored in Limbic System (Amygdala & Hippocampus) Much more permanent Unconscious Similar to procedural memory Trauma Trauma’s Effect on the Brain Trauma Trauma’s Effect on the Brain Smaller Hippocampus (long term memory) (3) Short term memory deficits Dysfunctional Stress-Response System (Cortisol) (1) Trauma Trauma’s Effect on the Brain Behavioral Because the trauma has affected the structures our brain uses to deal with stress/hurt/pain emotional or otherwise We resort to other less natural and more dysfunctional patterns of dealing such as: Trauma Trauma’s Effect on the Brain Anger The “safest” feeling to express emotional dysregulation Attention/Impulsivity Issues - Hyperarousal Emotional Withdrawal/Numbing Enuresis/Encopresis primal soothing mechanism Distraction: creating conflict/cutting etc. Delayed/Impaired Ability to recognize feelings categorical “fight or Flight”/all or nothing response Trauma Catatonia Repression Identity Disorder/Conversion Regression Rage Anger Denial/Avoidance Hierarchy of Self-Protective Brain Responses Trauma The Road Block To Healing Negative Cognitive Message – I am powerless, I deserve bad things, I am not worthy, I am not loveable etc. Negative Cognition Trauma Emotional Response Biological Response Trauma The Aversive State Outside does not equal inside Creates a state of stress that must be reduced eventually We reduce the stress on one side or the other (inside traditionally is harder to “reduce” and because its tied to trauma and is more permanent. Our environment and thoughts are not nearly as permanent. Explains Self-Sabotage, Messy Rooms etc. The Brain & Trauma Practical Applications – General Overview The Brain & Trauma Practical Applications for Adults Adult Emotional Regulation • Our own negative cognitive message = largest trigger • Taking Care of Yourself • Separate the action from the person – right & wrong choice • Time is your “ally” The Brain & Trauma Practical Applications for Adults “It’s not how you feel but where you feel” Non-Verbal Body Awareness • 75% of all communication Eye Contact Facial Expression Voice Tone Posture Gesture Timing & Intensity of response (1) The Brain & Trauma The Brain & Trauma Practical Applications for Children & Families Reframing Behavior as Fear-Based • for self as well as child (www.postinstitute.com) • not focusing on surface behavior but what is underneath (Attachment Disorder) • Repetition • Eliminate systemic fearSocietyAdminStaffChild The Brain & Trauma Practical Applications – Children Coping Skill Development & Emotional Awareness • Healing Hand • Method of Loci (memory strategy) • Need to be different types (at least one internal) The Brain & Trauma Practical Applications for Adults Structure & Discipline • Discipline = “to teach” • Consistency/Follow Through • 3 Levels of Choice: Open/You Choose (weighted?) /”I action – base on emotional needs of child at current time Love/Nurturing • Attachment Considerations • Chemistry of Connection/The Connected Child The Brain & Trauma Other Intervention Ideas For Healing The Brain Gym Exercises that stimulate right/left brain connection as well as connection between lower and higher organized parts My Sensory Workbook: Lauren Kerstein The Brain & Trauma Other Intervention Ideas For Healing -Bridges the gap between thinking mind and emotional mind (trauma memory needs to “MOVE”) - Gets children out of categorical all or nothing emotions - Equips child with coping skills and discerns between right and wrong choices -Helps child rate feelings on a scale and learn “where” they feel - Teaches children different names and groups of feelings as well as how to describe them more vividly www.myfeelingsworkbook.com The Brain & Trauma My Feelings Workbook - Populations • • • • • • • • Trauma/PTSD Autism/Aspergers Enuresis/Encopresis Anger/Opposition & Defiance ADHD Chronic Stress Depression EMDR preparation The Brain & Trauma Family-School-Community = Healthy Resilient Children Thank You For All You Do! The Brain & Trauma References: www.traumaresources.org (Trauma, Brain & Relationship DVD 2000) (1) www.brainconnection.com (2) www.leadershipcouncil.org (3) www.growingchild.com (4) http://library.thinkquest.org (5) Perry, B.D. (1997) Incubator of Terror: Neurodevelopmental Factors in the Cycle of Violence (6) Other Helpful Websites: www.postinstitute.com www.attachment.org