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1 Objectives • To examine the concept of family roles and its relation to family health. • To interpret common health concerns at each human life stage. • To learn common family health issues and ways to cope with them. 2 Family Health Family Roles Life Stages & Health Concerns Common Family Health Issues 3 4 Family • Refers to the basic social unit consisting of parents and their children • Is one of the most important relationships of a socialized individual 5 Family Roles • Refers to the specific function of individuals within a family unit • Is set by social and family expectations • Play an important role on family health 6 Parents • Are the leaders of the family • Are involved in all stages of a child’s life • Have the knowledge of what to expect at each stage of a child’s life • Should be positive roles models for their children • Should recognize uniqueness in each child • Should spend quality time with each child 7 Children • Are expected to follow the leadership of their parents • Need more autonomy as they grow older – children’s opinions should be respected, but parents should have the final authority • Should respect their parents • Should be active members of the family – children should help parents complete parts of housework 8 Siblings • • • • • Play a unique role in one another’s lives Grow up in the same household Provide companionship for each other Provide advice and assistance as friends Should be a source of positive influences for each other 9 Healthy Family • Requires: – respect and support – good communication 10 Respect & Support • Creates healthy and strong relationships • Allows individuals to celebrate the differences and similarities of each member • Allows for understanding and good communication • Helps families cope with challenges together 11 Communication • • • • Is an interactive process Is used to convey a message Can be verbal and nonverbal Is important to family health – makes family members feel cared for and loved – helps family members manage feelings, wants and needs 12 Effective Communication • Requires: – being a good listener – showing empathy – being sincere and honest – improving skills to interpret and deliver nonverbal cues, such as: • • • • eye contact facial expressions posture hand gestures 13 14 Assessment 1. Who are usually the leaders of a family? A. Parents B. Children C. Brothers D. Sisters 2. Melisa tries to help her parents do some housework. What is she try to achieve? A. Following the leadership of her parents B. Respecting her parents C. Being an active member of the family D. Getting more autonomy 15 Assessment 3. Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement about family roles? A. It is the specific function of individuals within a family unit B. It is influenced by personal income C. It is set by social and family expectations D. It plays an important role on family health 4. Which of the following is INCORRECT about communication? A. It usually goes one-way B. It can be verbal and nonverbal C. It can help family members manage feeling, wants and needs D. It is used to convey a message 16 Assessment 5. Which of the following is NOT an example a of nonverbal cue? A. Written note B. Hand gesture C. Posture D. Facial expression 17 18 Human Life Stages • Include: – infants and toddlers (ages 0 to 3) – children (ages 4 to 10) – adolescents (ages 11 to 19) – young adults (ages 20 to 34) – mature adults (ages 35 to 64) – seniors (ages 65 to 79) – elderlies (age 80 or older) 19 Infants & Toddlers • Are children ages three or younger – key stage of developing motor skills and sensory abilities • Common health concerns include: – birth defects – ear infections – prenatal infections – jaundice – autism 20 Children • Are children ages four to 10 – key stage of growing and mastering motor skills and language • Common health concerns include: – attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) – developmental disabilities – common cold – obesity – chickenpox 21 Adolescents • Are teens ages 11 to 19 – stage of rapid growth in body and mind • Common health concerns include: – injury and violence – tobacco use – use of alcohol and drugs – teen pregnancy 22 Young Adult • Are adult ages 20 to 34 – completing education and beginning career and family • Common health concerns include: – use of alcohol and drugs – tobacco use – work pressure – sexually transmitted diseases (STD) 23 Mature Adults • Are adults ages 35 to 64 – managing family and career growth – starting to have first signs of aging • Common health concerns include: – cancer – bone density loss – type 2 diabetes – heart diseases – arthritis 24 Seniors • Are people ages 65 to 79 – more signs of aging – cognitive or multiple health problems • Common health concern include: – heart diseases – cancer – osteoporosis – hypertension – arthritis 25 Elderlies • Are people age 80 or older – some requiring assistance or daily care – some not able to perform all personal functions • Common health concerns include: – cancer – heart diseases – Alzheimer's disease – autoimmune deficiency 26 27 Assessment 1. Which of the following describes the age group of 20 to 34? A. Mature adults B. Seniors C. Adolescent D. Young adults 2. Which of the following life stages is the key stage of growing and mastering motor skills and language? A. Infants B. Children C. Toddlers D. Adolescents 28 Assessment 3. Which of the following is NOT a common health concern among children? A. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) B. Arthritis C. Chickenpox D. Common cold 4. Seniors are people of which of the following age groups? A. Age 80 or older B. Ages 35 to 64 C. Ages 20 to 34 D. Ages 65 to 79 29 Assessment 5. Which of the following is NOT a common health concern among the elderly? A. Developmental disabilities B. Alzheimer’s diseases C. Heart diseases D. Cancer 30 31 Common Family Health Issues • Include: – child abuse – eating disorders – mental disorders 32 Child Abuse • Refers to the physical, sexual or emotional mistreatment or neglect of a child • Leads to serious consequences – 3.3 million cases of child abuse are reported in the United States each year – an estimated total daily cost of child abuse is $258 million 33 Child Abuse • Includes: – sexual - sexual contact with a child or the use of a child for sexual pleasure – physical - injury caused by physical aggression – emotional - language or behavior which damages a child’s mental well-being and self esteem – neglect - failure to provide a child with a minimum degree of care 34 Child Abuse • Needs to be reported – call USA National Child Abuse Hotline toll free at 1800-4-A-CHILD (1-800422-4453) – go to the following webpage to find more government agencies or social services which can help • http://www.virtus.org/virtus/ab use_reporting.cfm 35 Eating Disorders • Are conditions caused by disturbing eating patterns • Are a nationwide health concern affecting 20 million women and 10 million men • Most commonly affect: – females – youth ages 11 to 17 – athletes 36 Eating Disorders • Include: – anorexia - characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss – bulimia - characterized by binging and purging instead of avoiding food – binge eating - characterized by regularly over-eating without purging, exercising or fasting 37 Eating Disorders • Can be treated by: – recognizing and accepting the problem – breaking routine eating habits – restoring normal eating habits – psychological treatment – taking antidepressant drugs 38 Mental Disorders • Are conditions which hinder or prevent good mental health • Include: – depression – anxiety – stress 39 Depression • Is feelings of sadness, unhappiness and misery for extended periods of time which interrupts everyday life • Is caused by: – major illness – alcohol or drug abuse – chronic stress – childhood events, such as abuse or neglect – social isolation – sleeping problems 40 Depression • Has the following possible symptoms: – sleeping problems – dramatic change in appetite – lack of energy – feelings of worthlessness or hopelessness – difficulty concentrating – extreme restlessness – withdrawal from normal activities – suicidal thoughts 41 Depression • Can be treated by: – psychological therapy – antidepressant drugs – attempt to restore normal lifestyle • proper diet • routine schedule • strong support network 42 Anxiety • Is a feeling of worry, nervousness or unease • Is caused by: – emotional stress – physical stress – medication – withdrawal from drugs – substance dependency – thyroid problems 43 Anxiety • Has the following possible symptoms: – muscle tension – headaches – sweating – dry mouth – dizziness – rapid heart beat or breathing – decreased concentration – sleeping problems – nightmares 44 Anxiety • Can be treated by: – recognizing and facing the problem – seeking psychological health – taking medication for anxiety – building a strong support network 45 Stress • Is a feeling of frustration, anger or anxiousness • Has symptoms similar to anxiety 46 Stress • Can be controlled by: – organizing schedule to be most efficient – eating a proper diet – exercising regularly – getting enough sleep – limiting caffeine and alcohol – practicing relaxation techniques such as taking a deep breath and taking a short break 47 48 Assessment 1. How many cases of child abuse are reported in the United States each year? A. 2.1 million B. 2.7 million C. 2.9 million D. 3.3 million 2. Which of the following types of child abuse is defined as language or behavior which damages a child’s mental wellbeing and self esteem? A. Sexual abuse B. Physical abuse C. Neglect D. Emotional abuse 49 Assessment 3. How many women are affected by eating disorders? A. 5 million B. 10 million C. 15 million D. 20 million 4. Which of the following types of eating disorders is characterized by binging and purging instead of avoiding food? A. Anorexia B. Bulimia C. Binge eating D. Over eating 50 Assessment 5. Which of the following is NOT a treatment of stress? A. Practicing relaxation techniques B. Eating a proper diet C. Exercising regularly D. Consuming more caffeine 51 52 Final Assessment 1. Eye contact is an example of which of the following types of communication? A. Verbal B. Nonverbal C. Formal D. Informal 2. Which of the following is NOT an effective communication method? A. Being a good listener B. Showing empathy C. Establishing an authoritative image D. Being sincere and honest 53 Final Assessment 3. Adolescents are a group of people falling in which of the following age groups? A. Ages 4 to 10 B. Ages 35 to 64 C. Ages 20 to 34 D. Ages 11 to 19 4. Which of the following is a common health concern among infants and toddlers? A. Ear infection B. Type 2 diabetes C. Arthritis D. Heart diseases 54 Final Assessment 5. Which of the following age groups is the key stage of developing motor skills and sensory abilities? A. Ages 0 to 3 B. Ages 4 to 10 C. Ages 11 to 19 D. Ages 20 to 34 6. Elderlies are a group of people of which age group? A. Ages 20 to 34 B. Ages 35 to 64 C. Ages 65 to 79 D. Age 80 or above 55 Final Assessment 7. Which of the following types of child abuse is the failure to provide a child’s minimum degree of care? A. Sexual abuse B. Physical abuse C. Neglect D. Emotional abuse 8. Eating disorders most commonly affect which of the following groups of people? A. Office workers B. Youth ages 11 to 17 C. Mature adults ages 35 to 64 D. Males 56 Final Assessment 9. Which of the following types of eating disorder is characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss? A. Anorexia B. Bulimia C. Binge eating D. Over eating 10. Suicidal thoughts are a possible symptom of which of the following mental disorders? A. Grief B. Stress C. Depression D. Anxiety 57 Resources • http://www.cdc.gov/lifestages/ • http://www.personalfutures.net/id65.html • http://www.bupa.com.au/health-and-wellness/healthinformation/az-health-information/health-checks • http://www.childhelp.org/pages/statistics • http://www.healthyplace.com/abuse/child-abuseinformation/types-child-abuse/ • http://www.webmd.com/balance/guide/blissing-out-10relaxation-techniques-reduce-stress-spot?page=3 • http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/ • http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/index.shtml 58 Acknowledgement Production Coordinators Caroline Huang-Loggains Julie Summerfield Brand Manager Megan O’Quinn Lacey Yancey Graphic Designer Melody Rowell Technical Writer Jessica Odom V.P. of Brand Management Clayton Franklin © MMXIV CEV Multimedia, Ltd. Executive Producer Gordon W. Davis, Ph.D. 59