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Transcript 
 To
identify and define
common prefixes used in
medical terms.
PREFIX
MEANING
EXAMPLES
a-,an-
No, not, without
Apnea, aphasia, atrophy,
anemia, amenorrhea
ab-
Away from
abnormal
ana-
Up, apart
analysis
ante-
Before, forward
antepartum
anti-
against
Antibody, antigen,
antibiotic
brady-
slow
bradycardia
dys-
Bad, painful, difficult,
abnormal
Dyspnea, dysphagia,
dysplasia,
dysmenorrhea, dysuria
ec
out
Ectopic pregnancy
TEST
NORMAL
ABNORMAL
color
Light yellow
Red (hematuria)
clarity
clear
Cloudy (infection)
Ph (chemical nature)
Slightly acidic
Alkaline (infection)
protein
Very slight
Proteinuria (renal
disease)
sugar
none
Glycosuria (diabetes
mellitus)
 Aplastic
anemia
 Hemolytic anemia
 Iron deficiency anemia
 Pernicious anemia
 Sickle cell anemia
PREFIX
MEANING
EXAMPLE
Epi-
Above, upon
Epidural hematoma,
epidermis
Ex-
out
excision
Extra-
outside
extrahepatic
Hemi-
half
hemigastrectomy
Hyper-
Excessive, too much,
above
Hyperthyroidism,
hypertrophy,
hypertension,
hyperglycemia
Meta-
Change, beyond
Metastasis, metacarpal
Endo-
Within, inner
Endoscopy, endocrine
glands.









Arthroscopy
Bronchoscopy
Colonoscopy
Cystoscopy
Gastroscopy
Proctosigmoidoscopy
Mediastinoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy
hysteroscopy
GLAND
HORMONES
Adrenal glands
Adrenaline (epinephrine)
Ovaries
Estrogen, progesterone
Pancreas
Insulin
Parathyroid glands
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Testes
Testosterone
Thyroid gland
Thyroxine
Pituitary gland
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
(ACTH) ,follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) ,growth hormone (GH),
thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
PREFIX
MEANING
EXAMPLE
Para-
Besides, near, along
Parathyroid glands,
paralysis
Post-
After, behind
Postpartum, postmortem
Peri-
surrounding
perianal
Poly-
Many, much
Polyuria, polydipsia
Quadri-
four
quadriplegia
Re-
back
Relapse, remission
Pros-
Before, forward
Prosthesis
Syn-
With, together
syndrome
Acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS)
 Carpal tunnel syndrome
 Down syndrome
 Mitral valve prolapse
 Toxic shock syndrome




MICU- medical intensive care unit
PICU- pediatric intensive care unit
SICU- surgical intensive care unit
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