Download Body Cavities

PowerPoint® Lecture Slides
prepared by Vince Austin,
Bluegrass Technical
and Community College
CHAPTER
Elaine N. Marieb
Katja Hoehn
Human
Anatomy
& Physiology
SEVENTH EDITION
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
1
PART B
The Human
Body: An
Orientation
Anatomical Position

Body erect, feet slightly
apart, palms facing
forward, thumbs point
away from body
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 1.7a
Directional Terms

__________________________– toward and away
from the head, respectively

__________________________– toward the front
and back of the body

__________________________– toward the
midline, away from the midline, and between a
more medial and lateral structure
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Directional Terms

__________________________– closer to and
farther from the origin of the body part

__________________________– toward and away
from the body surface
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Directional Terms
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Table 1.1a
Directional Terms
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Table 1.1b
Regional Terms: Anterior View
Nasal (nose)
Frontal (forehead)
Orbital (eye)
Oral (mouth)
Buccal (cheek)
Cervical (neck)
Mental (chin)
Acromial
(point of shoulder)
Axillary (armpit)
Sternal
(breastbone)
Thoracic
(chest)
Mammary
(breast)
Abdominal
(abdomen)
Brachial (arm)
Antecubital
(front of elbow)
Antebrachial
(forearm)
Pelvic (pelvis)
Umbilical
(navel)
Carpal (wrist)
Pollex
(thumb)
Palmar
(palm)
Coxal
(hip)
Digital
(fingers)
Inguinal
(groin)
Pubic (genital region)
Femoral
(thigh)
Patellar
(anterior knee)
Fibular, or
peroneal
(side of leg)
Crural (leg)
Pedal
(foot)
Tarsal (ankle)
Digital (toes)
Hallux (great toe)
(a) Anterior
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 1.7a
Regional Terms: Posterior View
Otic (ear)
Cephalic
(head)
Occipital (back of
head or base of skull)
Acromial
(point of shoulder)
Vertebral
(spinal column)
Scapular
(shoulder blade)
Brachial (arm)
Dorsum or dorsal
(back)
Olecranal
(back of elbow)
Lumbar (loin)
Sacral
(between hips)
Upper
extremity
Manus
(hand)
Gluteal (buttock)
Perineal
(region between
the anus and
external genitalia)
Femoral (thigh)
Lower
extremity
Popliteal
(back of knee)
Sural (calf)
Calcaneal (heel)
Plantar (sole)
(b) Posterior
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 1.7b
Body Planes

_____________– divides the body into right and
left parts

__________________________– sagittal plane
that lies on the midline

__________________________– divides the body
into anterior and posterior parts


__________________________ (cross section) –
divides the body into superior and inferior parts
__________________________– cuts made
diagonally
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Body Planes
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 1.8
Anatomical Variability

Humans vary slightly in both external and internal
anatomy

Over _____________of all anatomical structures
match textbook descriptions, but:

Nerves or blood vessels may be somewhat
_____________

Small muscles may be _____________

Extreme anatomical variations are seldom seen
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Body Cavities


Dorsal cavity protects the _____________, and is divided
into two subdivisions

_____________– within the skull; encases the
_____________

_____________– runs within the vertebral column; encases
the _____________
Ventral cavity houses the internal organs (viscera), and is
divided into two subdivisions

________________

________________
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Body Cavities
Cranial cavity
(contains brain)
Thoracic
cavity
(contains
heart
and lungs)
Dorsal
body
cavity
Diaphragm
Vertebral cavity
(contains spinal
cord)
Abdominal cavity
(contains digestive
viscera)
Key:
Pelvic cavity
(contains bladder,
reproductive organs,
and rectum)
Dorsal body cavity
Ventral body cavity
(a) Lateral view
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 1.9a
Body Cavities
Key:
Cranial
cavity
Dorsal body cavity
Ventral body cavity
Vertebral
cavity
Thoracic
cavity
(contains
heart
and lungs)
Superior
mediastinum
Pleural
cavity
Pericardial
cavity within
the mediastinum
Diaphragm
Abdominal cavity
(contains digestive
viscera)
Abdominopelvic
cavity
Ventral
body cavity
(thoracic
and
abdominopelvic
cavities)
Pelvic cavity
(contains bladder,
reproductive organs,
and rectum)
(b) Anterior view
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 1.9b
Body Cavities

Thoracic cavity is subdivided into two pleural
cavities, the mediastinum, and the pericardial
cavity



Pleural cavities – each houses a _____________
Mediastinum – contains the pericardial cavity;
surrounds the remaining _____________
Pericardial cavity – encloses the _____________
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Body Cavities

The _______________________ is separated from
the superior thoracic cavity by the dome-shaped
_______________________

It is composed of two subdivisions


Abdominal cavity – contains the
_______________________
_______________________
Pelvic cavity – lies within the pelvis and contains
the _______________________
_______________________ ________________
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Ventral Body Cavity Membranes

Parietal serosa lines _______________________

Visceral serosa covers the
_______________________

Serous fluid separates the
_______________________
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Serous Membrane Relationship
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Figure 1.10a
Heart Serosae
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Figure 1.10b
Other Body Cavities


_______________________– mouth and cavities
of the digestive organs
_______________________ –located within and
posterior to the nose

_______________________– house the eyes

_______________________– contains bones
(ossicles) that transmit sound vibrations

_______________________– joint cavities
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Other Body Cavities
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Figure 1.13
Abdominopelvic Regions
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Figure 1.11a
Organs of the Abdominopelvic Regions
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Figure 1.11b
Abdominopelvic Quadrants

Right upper

Left upper

Right lower

Left lower
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Figure 1.12