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Anatomy & Physiology
Health Careers Academy
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE BODY
Anatomic position=
standing
face forward
arms at sides
palms forward
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE BODY PLANES
 Describe the relationship of one part to
another
 Imaginary lines drawn through various parts
to separate into sections
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE BODY PLANES
 The transverse horizontal (top and bottom)
–
–
–
–
Parts above=superior
Parts below=inferior
Towards the head=cranial
Towards the sacrum=caudal
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
4
THE BODY PLANES
 The midsagittal or median (vertical R/L)
– Parts close to mid = medial
– Parts close to side = lateral
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE BODY PLANES
 The frontal or coronal
 vertical (front/back)
front
– Front = ventral or anterior
– Back = dorsal or posterior
back
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE BODY PLANES
 Proximal and Distal
– Used to describe locations of extremities in
relation to the main trunk
 Proximal
– Close to
 Distal
– Distant from
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE BODY CAVITIES
Spaces within the body that contain vital organs
 Dorsal (back) 1 continuous cavity
– Cranial
– Spinal
 Ventral (front) 2 separate cavities separated by the
diaphragm
– Thoracic (chest) contains heart lungs and large vessels
– Abdominal
• Upper contains Stomach, Small Intestine, most of Large
Intestine, Gall Bladder, Pancreas & Spleen
• Lower (pelvic) contains Urinary Bladder, Reproductive organs,
& Last of Large Intestine
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE BODY CAVITIES
 The 3 small cavities:
– Orbital (eyes)
– Nasal (nose structures)
– Buccal (mouth)
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE ABDOMINAL REGIONS
 QUADRANTS
RUQ
Right upper
RLQ
R lower
LUQ
Left upper
LLQ
Left
lower
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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THE NINE REGIONS
Right
hypochondriac
(R HC)
Epigastric
(EPI)
Right lumbar
(R L)
Umbilical
(UMB)
Right inguinal
(R I)
Hypogastric
(H G)
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
Left
hypochondriac
(L HC)
Left lumbar
(L L)
Left inguinal
(L I)
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The end, my friend
Nanette Morris, RN, BA, NBCT
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