Download Appendicular skeleton

Bones of the appendicular
skeleton
The Skeleton: Appendicular
Skeleton
Acromioclavicular
joint
Clavicle
Scapula
Articulated pectoral girdle
Sternal (medial)
end
Posterior
Anterior
Acromial (lateral)
end
(b) Right clavicle, superior view
Figure 7.24b
Acromion
Suprascapular notch
Superior border
Coracoid
process
Glenoid
cavity
Lateral border
Superior
angle
Subscapular
fossa
Medial border
(a) Right scapula, anterior aspect
Inferior angle
Figure 7.25a
Suprascapular notch
Coracoid process
Superior
angle
Supraspinous
fossa
Spine
Infraspinous
fossa
Acromion
Glenoid
cavity
at lateral
angle
Medial border
Lateral border
(b) Right scapula, posterior aspect
Acromion
Supraspinous fossa
Supraglenoid
tubercle
Coracoid
process
Supraspinous
fossa
Infraspinous
fossa
Posterior
Spine
Glenoid
cavity
Infraspinous
fossa
Infraglenoid
tubercle
Subscapular
fossa
Subscapular
fossa
Anterior
(c) Right scapula, lateral aspect
Inferior angle
Humerus
Greater
tubercle
Lesser
tubercle
Intertubercular
sulcus
Head of
humerus
Anatomical
neck
Deltoid
tuberosity
Lateral
supracondylar
ridge
Radial
fossa
Capitulum
(a) Anterior view
Coronoid
fossa
Medial
epicondyle
Trochlea
Radial
notch of
the ulna
Head
Neck
Radial
tuberosity
Olecranon
process
Trochlear
notch
Coronoid
process
Proximal
radioulnar
joint
Interosseous
membrane
Ulna
Head of
radius
Neck of
radius
Radius
Ulnar notch
Radius
of the radius
Head of ulna
Styloid
Styloid
process of ulna
process
Distal radioulnar
Styloid process
of radius
joint
of radius
(a) Anterior view
(b) Posterior view
Olecranon process
Trochlear notch
View
Coronoid process
Radial notch
(c) Proximal portion of ulna,
lateral view
Ulnar notch of radius
Articulation
for lunate
Articulation
for scaphoid
Styloid
process
View
Styloid
Head
of ulna process
(d) Distal ends of the radius and
ulna at the wrist
Humerus
Capitulum
Coronoid
fossa
Medial
epicondyle
Trochlea
Coronoid
process of
ulna
Radial notch
Ulna
(c) Anterior view at the elbow region
Head of
radius
Radial
tuberosity
Radius
Humerus
Olecranon
process
Olecranon
fossa
Lateral
epicondyle
Medial
epicondyle
Head
Ulna
Neck
Radius
(d) Posterior view of extended elbow
Phalanges
• Distal
• Middle
• Proximal
Metacarpals
• Head
• Shaft
• Base
Sesamoid
bones
Carpals
• Trapezium
• Trapezoid
• Scaphoid
Carpals
• Hamate
• Capitate
• Pisiform
• Triquetrum
• Lunate
Ulna
Radius
(a) Anterior view of left hand
Carpals
• Trapezium
• Trapezoid
• Scaphoid
Radius
(b) Posterior view of left hand
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Pelvic (Hip) Girdle
• Two hip bones (each also called coxal bone or os
coxae)
– Attach the lower limbs to the axial skeleton with strong
ligaments
– Transmit weight of upper body to lower limbs
– Support pelvic organs
• Each hip bone consists of three fused bones: ilium,
ischium, and pubis
• Together with the sacrum and the coccyx, these bones
form the bony pelvis
Base of sacrum
Iliac fossa
Coxal
bone
llium
(os coxae
or hip
Pubic
bone)
bone
Iliac crest
Sacroiliac
joint
Anterior
superior
iliac spine
Sacral
promontory
Sacrum
Coccyx
Anterior inferior
iliac spine
Pelvic brim
Acetabulum
Pubic tubercle
Pubic crest
Pubic symphysis
Ischium
Pubic arch
Anterior gluteal
line
Posterior
gluteal line
Posterior
superior
iIiac spine
Posterior inferior
iliac spine
Greater sciatic
notch
Ischial body
Ischial spine
Lesser sciatic
notch
Ischium
Ilium
Iliac crest
Anterior
superior
iliac spine
Inferior
gluteal line
Anterior inferior
iliac spine
Acetabulum
Pubic body
Pubis
Inferior ramus
of pubis
Obturator foramen
Ischial ramus
(a) Lateral view, right hip bone
Ilium
Iliac crest
Iliac fossa
Posterior
superior
iliac spine
Posterior
inferior
iliac spine
Auricular
surface
Greater sciatic notch
Ischial spine
Lesser sciatic notch
Obturator
foramen
Ischium
Anterior
superior
iliac spine
Anterior inferior
Body of
iliac spine
the ilium
Arcuate line
Superior ramus
of pubis
Pubic tubercle
Articular surface
of pubis (at pubic
symphysis)
Ischial ramus
Inferior ramus
of pubis
(b) Medial view, right hip bone
Figure 7.30b
Table 7.4
Neck
Fovea
capitis
Greater
trochanter
Head
Intertrochanteric
crest
Lesser trochanter
Intertrochanteric
line
Gluteal tuberosity
Linea aspera
Apex
Anterior
Facet for
medial
condyle
of femur
Facet for lateral
condyle of femur
Lateral
condyle
Medial and
lateral supracondylar lines
Surface for
patellar
Posterior
ligament
(a) Patella (kneecap)
Intercondylar fossa
Lateral
epicondyle
Medial condyle
Adductor
tubercle
Medial
epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Patellar surface
Anterior view
Posterior view
(b) Femur (thigh bone)
Lateral condyle
Head
Proximal tibiofibular
joint
Intercondylar eminence
Medial condyle
Tibial tuberosity
Interosseous membrane
Anterior border
Fibula
Tibia
Distal tibiofibular
joint
Lateral malleolus
Articular surface
Medial malleolus
(a) Anterior view
Articular surface
of medial condyle
Medial condyle
Articular surface of
lateral condyle
Head of fibula
Interosseous
membrane
Tibia
Fibula
Articular surface
Medial malleolus
Lateral malleolus
(b) Posterior view
Figure 7.32b
Distal
Middle
Proximal
1
Medial
cuneiform
Intermediate
cuneiform
Navicular
Talus
Trochlea
of talus
(a) Superior view
2
3
4
5
Phalanges
Metatarsals
Lateral
cuneiform
Cuboid
Tarsals
Calcaneus
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