Download Skull

The Skull
王配军
http://anatomy.doclink.cn
http://www.yymc.edu.cn/yuanxi/jcb/jpk/jpk-index.htm
郧阳医学院解剖教研室
E-mail:[email protected]
目的要求
1.掌握颅的组成，脑颅、面颅的划分。
2.握颅底内面观的主要结构。
3.掌握眶、骨性鼻腔的形态特征。骨性鼻旁
窦的名称、位置及开口。
4.掌握颅骨的常用骨性标志：眉弓、颧弓、
下颌角、舌骨、乳突、枕外隆突。
5.了解新生儿颅骨的特征及生后变化。
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The skull
The skull contains
23 bones .The skull is
divided into two
parts :cerebral
cranium and facial
Cranium.
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(一）The cerebral cranium
The cerebral cranium
consists of eight cranial
bones .
one frontal
one ethmoid
one sphenoid
one occipital
two parietal
two temporal
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(二）The facial cranium
The facial cranium are
fifteen in number.
maxilla
palatine
paired zygomatic
bones
nasal
lacrimal bones
inferior nasal conchae
vomer
Unpaired mandible
bones
hyoid
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1. The mandible
angle of mandible
2. The hyoid
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(三）The skull as a whole
1.The superior aspect of
the skull
coronal suture
sagittal suture
lambdoid suture
2.The posterior aspect of
the skull
external occipital protuberance
superior nuchal line
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3.The internal surface
of the base of skull
It is divided into
three fossa. These
are the anterior,the
middle and the
posterior cranial
fossa.
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(1) The anterior cranial
fossa
frontal crest
foramen cecum
crista galli
cribriform plat
cribriform foramina
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(2) The middle cranial fossa
hypophysial fossa
optic canal
anterior clinoid process
dorsum sellae
posterior clinoid process
superior orbital fissure
foramen lacerum
foramen rotundum
foramen ovale
foramen spinosum
sulcus for middle meningeal artery
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(3) The posterior cranial
fossa
foramen magnum
hypoglossal canal
internal occipital protuberance
sulcus for superior sagittal sinus
sulcus for transverse sinus
sulcus for sigmoid sinus
jugular foramen
internal acoustic pore
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4.The external surface of the base of skull
alveolar arch
incisive foramina
greater palatine
posterior nasal apertures
occipital condyle
hypoglossal canal
jugular foramen
styloid process
stylomastiod foramen
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5.The lateral view of skull
external acoustic pore
mastoid process
zygomatic arch
temporal fossa
infratemporal fossa
pterion
infratemporal fossa
pterygopalatine fossa
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翼点
硬膜外出血
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6.The front view of skull
(1) the forehead
superciliary arch
(2) the orbits
① orbital opening
supraorbital foramen (notch)
② orbital apex:optic canal
③ superior wall:lacrimal fossa
④ medial wall: lacrimal sac fossa,
nasolacrimal canal
⑤ inferior wall: inferior orbital fissure,
inferior orbital foramen
⑥ lateral wall: superior orbital fissure
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(3) the bony nasal cavity
nasal septem
superior
middle conchae
inferior
superior
middle
meatus
inferior
sphenoethmoidal recess
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(4) the paranasal sinuses
① the frontal sinuses
② the ethmoidal sinuses
③ the sphenoidal sinuses
④ the maxillary sinuses
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(5) the oral cavity
(四）The skull at birth
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小
结
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郧阳医学院解剖教研室