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Grammar in a Nutshell 2 Unit 2 • Word order • Making questions • Directions • Present simple • Present continuous o o o o Wh-questions Yes/no questions Question words Tag Questions Word Order in English (When) (time) Who (subject) Do (verbs) What/who Where (direct object) (place) When (time) (Tomorrow) She We He I was can help smokes drink you. a cigarette. a cup of tea tomorrow every day at the party. at home. Most of the time, you place the time at the end of your sentence! Sometimes it can (also) go at the beginning of the sentence, mainly if you want to put extra stress on it. In questions, time always comes at the end!!! Remember, place comes before time. This is important to remember… If you forget all the rules and you’re not sure anymore, put time at the end. That is almost always correct! Word Order Examples: She was at school this morning subject verb place time Why didn’t you go to football practise yesterday? Wh- verb time verb subject direct object If you want you can check out this video: https://youtu.be/ZPJgqqxATGw Word Order Translate the next sentences: of course you should put all the words in the correct order ;) 1. Hij is nooit alleen thuis. He is never home alone. 2. We zagen hem gisteren bij de bioscoop. We saw him at the cinema yesterday. 3. Zij lopen altijd samen naar huis. They always walk home together. 4. Laten we in Amsterdam afspreken bij het station. Let’s meet at the station in Amsterdam. 5. Ik doe vaak meteen na school mijn huiswerk. I often do my homework straight after school. Wh-questions Who What Where When Why Which How (long) Who is that? What are you wearing? Where are you going? When can we meet? Why weren’t you on time? Which colour do you prefer? Red or Blue? How are you doing? Question Words + Short Answers yes or no questions Can’t he help you out? Yes, I do. No, she is not. Yes, he can. Aren’t those boys twins? Yes, they are. Do you have a pen for me? Is Princess Kate pregnant? Short answers tag questions https://youtu.be/3zuo56O7_aU Giving directions Exercise Complete the gaps with a word from the box. You can only use a word once and there are a few words too many… take – past – on – straight – above – second – go – cross – turn - at 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. straight on. Go ________ ________ the street. Cross Then ________ the first left on to Green Street. take Turn left ________ the roundabout. at Go ________ the traffic lights and take the ________ past second right on to King’s Road. It’s the building next to the library ________ the left. on Present Continuous Present simple – Present continuous Simple Continuous This guy explains the difference: https://youtu.be/dToboUPXdxE In short: Present Continuous (in Dutch) • Je gebruikt de present continuous om: aan te geven dat iets NU aan de gang is. Signaalwoorden zijn o.a: "now, at the moment, listen..." enz. • aan te geven dat je iets van plan bent. Meestal staat er bij wanneer je in de toekomst dat van plan bent. • irritatie aan te geven. Meestal staat het woordje "always" in de zin om het extra duidelijk te maken. • I am reading now. (nu aan de gang) • They are dancing tonight. (vast plan) • He is always teasing me. (irritatie) Versus: Present Simple (in Dutch) • Je gebruikt de simple present om: aan te geven dat iets een gewoonte is. Signaalwoorden zijn o.a: "always, never, every day" enz. • aan te geven dat iets een feit is. • He always drives fast. (gewoonte) • The sun rises in the east. (feit) Mind! If you talk about ‘ik’ in English, always write ‘I’ with a capital letter. So, no ‘i’ but ‘I’! Please, please, please, don’t write ‘wanna’ (= want to) or ‘gonna’ (= going to) or something like that. You can say it, but not write it. It is grammatically incorrect. Good luck studying! Grammar in a Nutshell 2