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Cosmetology: Skin Structure and Growth Milady’s Standard Cosmetology MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides “Disciplining yourself to do what you know is right and important, although difficult, is the high road to pride, self-esteem, and personal satisfaction.” Brian Tracy MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Objectives • Describe the structure and composition of the skin. • List the functions of the skin. MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Anatomy of the Skin • Dermatology • Dermatologist • Esthetician MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Histology of the Skin • Largest organ of the body • One of the most important body organs MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Skin Specifics • The skin of a typical 150 lb. man would: – Cover 2 square yards – Weigh about 9 pounds • Skin protects muscles, bones, nerves • Skin is a barrier against environment • Eyelids have thinnest skin • Soles of feet are thickest • Continued pressure causes callus MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Healthy Skin • Slightly moist • Soft and flexible • Smooth and fine-grained texture • Possesses slightly acid reaction MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Appendages of the Skin • Hair • Nails • Sweat and oil glands MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Two Divisions of Skin • Dermis • Epidermis MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Epidermis • • • • • Stratum germinativum Stratum spinosum Stratum granulosum Stratum lucidum Stratum corneum MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Dermis • Papillary layer • Reticular layer • Subcutaneous tissue MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides How Skin Is Nourished • Blood supplies nutrients • Lymph removes toxins and cellular waste • Arteries and vessels reach hair papillae, hair follicles, and skin glands MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Nerves of the Skin • Motor nerve fibers • Sensory nerve fibers • Secretory nerve fibers MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Skin Color • Melanin – Pheomelanin – Eumelanin • Hereditary MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Skin Strength and Elasticity • Collagen • Elastin MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Glands of the Skin • Sudoriferous glands (sweat) • Sebaceous glands (oil) MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Functions of the Skin • • • • • • Protection Sensation Heat regulation Excretion Secretion Absorption MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Vitamins and Supplements • • • • Vitamin A: Supports overall health Vitamin C: Known as ascorbic acid Vitamin D: Best source is sunlight Vitamin E: Known as tocopherol MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Water and the Skin • Comprises 50% to 70% of body weight • Sustains health of cells • Aids in elimination of toxins and waste • Helps regulate body temperature • Aids in proper digestion MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Consumption and Dehydration • Divide body weight by 16. • Result = Number of 8oz glasses of water needed daily. • Dehydration slows metabolism. • Water consumption reduces hunger pangs. • Lack of water causes fatigue. • 2% drop can trigger fuzzy memory. MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Summary and Review • Briefly describe healthy skin. • Name the main divisions of the skin and layers within each division. • How is the skin nourished? • List the three types of nerve fibers found in skin. MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides • What is collagen? • Name two types of glands contained in skin and describe their functions. • What are the six important functions of the skin? • Define dermatology. MILADY’S Standard COSMETOLOGY Instructor Support Slides Congratulations! You’ve just completed one unit of study toward program completion.