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Integumentary System
Introduction
Layers of the Skin
Glands of the Skin
Integumentary System: Introduction
Q: What makes up the integumentary
system? (Hint: The integumentary system is a
barrier to our outside world.)
A: Skin, hair, glands, fingernails and toenails.
Q: Is the skin an organ? (why or why not?)
A: YES! The skin contains multiple types of
tissue working together.
Layers of the Skin!
There are THREE main layers of skin
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous Fascia aka Hypodermis
Layers of the Skin: Epidermis
Outermost layer of the skin.
Made of five to six smaller layers.
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The two main layers of the epidermis
1. Stratum corneum: outermost layer where
cells are constantly shed.
2. Stratum germinativum: provides cells to
replace cells in stratum corneum
Contains no blood vessels or nerve
cells.
Layers of the Skin: Dermis
Also called the “true skin”
Has framework of elastic connective tissue.
Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels,
nerves, involuntary muscle, sweat and oil
glands and hair follicles.
Did you know?....The top of the dermis is
covered in ridges that fit with the ridges in
the epidermis. The pattern of ridges is
unique for each individual and is what is
used for fingerprinting!
Layers of the Skin: Subcutaneous
Fascia aka Hypodermis
Innermost layer of skin
Made of elastic and fibrous connective
tissue and adipose tissue
Connects the skin to underlying structures.
Glands of the Skin
Sudoriferous glands:
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Sweat glands
Coiled tubes that extend through dermis
Open on the surface of the skin at an opening
called a pore.
Eliminate sweat or perspiration that contains
water, salts, and some body wastes.
Glands of the Skin
Sebaceous glands:
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Oil glands
Usually open onto a hair follicle
Produce oil called sebum
Sebum prevents hair from becoming dry and brittle
Also has antibacterial and antifungal secretions so it helps
prevent infections.
Did you know…Blackheads or pimples
occur when sebaceous (oil) glands
become plugged with dirt and oil!
Other parts of the Integumentary
System: Hair
Consists of a root that grows in a hollow
tube called a follicle, and a hair shaft.
Helps protect the body.
Covers all body surfaces except for the
palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Did you know…. Alopecia (baldness) is a
permanent loss of hair on the scalp. It is a
genetic condition common in men but can
also occur in women.
Other parts of the Integumentary
System: Nails
Protect the fingers and toes from
injury.
Made of dead keratinized epidermal
epithelial cells, which are packed
closely together to form a thick
dense surface.
Cells will regrow if lost. (If nailbed is
not damaged.)