Download Dermis

Chapter 44
Structure and Function of
the Skin
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Healthy Skin
• Epidermis
• Basement
membrane
• Dermis
• Subcutaneous
tissue
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Epidermis
Question
Tell whether the following statement is true or false.
Subcutaneous tissue is also known as the hypodermis.
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
True
Rationale: Because it lies below the dermis, the
subcutaneous tissue is also referred to as the
hypodermis.
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Epidermal Cells
• Keratinocytes
• Melanocytes
• Langerhans cells (macrophages)
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Epidermis
Dermis
• Provides
support and
nutrition
• Blood vessels
• Collagen
bundles
• Immune cells
Nerve
endings
• Neurons
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Subcutaneous Tissue
• Provides
support,
insulation,
energy storage
• Fat deposits
• Connective
tissues
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Epidermis
Question
In which layer of the skin are most of its structures
contained?
a. Cutaneous
b. Epidermis
c. Dermis
d. Hypodermis
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
c. Dermis
Rationale: The epidermis contains many layers of
keratinized squamous epithelium and melanocytes (that
produce pigment); the hypodermis contains lots of
blood vessels and fatty tissue; the dermis contains most
of the structures (hair, sweat glands, piloerector
muscles, immune cells, blood vessels, and neurons).
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Skin Appendages
Epidermis
• Sweat glands
– Apocrine
– Eccrine
• Sebaceous
glands
• Hair
• Nails
Sweat
gland
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Question
Tell whether the following statement is true or false.
Sebaceous glands are a type of sweat gland.
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
False
Rationale: Sebaceous glands are oil-producing glands that
are adjacent to hair follicles. Sweat glands include
apocrine (these glands also join a hair follicle, producing
thicker sweat) and eccrine/merocrine glands. Eccrine
sweat glands are the most numerous (you have around 4
million); they open directly to a sweat pore on the skin’s
surface.
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Manifestations of Skin Disorders
• Rashes
• Lesions
– Blisters
– Calluses
– Telangiectases
• Pruritus (itch)
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