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TAKS Objective 2 The student will demonstrate an understanding of living systems and the environment TEKS 8.11 B Distinguish between inherited traits and other characteristics that result from interactions with the environment Killer Rays ENGAGE Visit this website: http://www.epa.gov/sunwise/uvindex.html UV Index 0-2 minimal 3-4 low 5-6 moderate 7-9 high 10+ very high EXPLORE • Make a UV bead bracelet using the materials provided by your teacher. • Wrap UV beads in each of the three types of fabrics. Place the fabric-wrapped UV beads in a plastic Ziploc® bag and expose it to direct sunlight. Remember to include a control. Record your results. EXPLAIN The UV beads contain a pigment that changes color in the presence of ultraviolet radiation from the sun Ozone layer reflects or absorbs 99% of damaging UV rays from the sun There are a number of activities and events that cause ozone destruction: • Hydrogen bomb testing • CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) in aerosols and refrigerants • Exhaust gases from supersonic aircraft • Fertilizers and • Volcanic eruptions. SPF of Clothing • Cotton shirt – SPF 7 • Denim jeans – SPF 95-100 • Polyester/lycra surf shirt – SPF 35 ELABORATE • At home, try different types of sunscreen or liquid makeup. • At home, place some beads under a sunglass lens in an area that is exposed to direct sunlight. If the beads remain white, then your sunglasses are blocking harmful ultraviolet rays. Test different pairs of sunglasses. • MD Anderson Sun Safety Project S.A.F.E.T.Y MD Anderson • • • • • • Sun Awareness For Educating Today’s Youth • For Project SAFETY information call • 713-745-1205 Measure Your Sun Awareness • Pretest • Label parts of the skin (animation) – Epidermis – Dermis – Basal cells – Melanocytes – Melanin – Squamous cells Reasons for Increased Cancer • 1/3 of people living in the sunbelt will develop skin cancer in their lifetime (see handout) • Depletion of the ozone • Cultural and lifestyle changes (e.g., dress, entertainment outdoors) • Tanning beds Risk factors • • • • • • Sun exposure Family history Geographic location Tendency to freckle or burn Hair and skin type Unnoticed skin lesions for darker skinned individuals • Discovery and diagnosis of melanoma at a late stage of development for darker skinned individuals Types of Skin Cancer • Basal cell carcinoma – slow, seldom spreads, often appears as an enlarged pearly or waxy nodule • Squamous cell carcinoma – present in darker skinned people, may metastasize, may appear as a red areas with a crust that does not heal • Melanoma – can occur at a young age and can metastasize rapidly to all parts of the body, originate from moles ABCD • • • • Asymmetry (PS2-49 animation) Border irregularity (PS2-50 animation) Color variation (2 or more colors) Diameter (6 mm which is about the size of the top of a pencil eraser) Let’s Look at a Few Video Clips • • • • • • What is a tan? Look of skin cancer. SPF Shadow Test Terri’s Story Grace’s Story Questions 1. Which part of the skin shows freckles, moles, and wrinkles? 2. What is the deepest layer of the skin called 3. What component of the skin creates a tan? 4. Which cells are located at the base of the epidermis? 5. Which cells make up the majority of the epidermis? More Questions 6. In what layer of the skin do we find blood and lymph vessels? 7. What are the 3 types of skin cancer? 8. What are the ABCs of melanoma? 9. How can you reduce you chance of skin cancer? EVALUATE During the learning activity, “Exploring the Effect of UV Radiation, the student will record hypotheses, collect data and draw conclusions for each experiment on the handout provided by the teacher. A completion grade will be given. Complete the Posttest for sun safety