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高一必修3
Unit 4
Reading
HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH
Warming up
What are the names of the eight
planets that circle our sun?
金星
Venus
水星
Mercury
火星
Mars
地球
Earth
木星
Jupiter 土星
Saturn
天王星
Uranus
海王星
Neptune
A Quiz Game
1. How old is the earth?
A. About 3.5 billion years
B. About 4.5 billion years
C. About 5.5 billion years
D. About 6.5 billion years
2. ______ of the earth surface is covered
by water.
A. 20% B. 30% C. 50% D. 70%
3. How many planets are there in the Solar
System?
A. 6
B. 7
C. 8
D. 9
4. What is the total population of humans
on the earth?
A. About 3.5 billion B. About 4.5 billion
C. About 5.5 billion D. About 6.5 billion
5. How long does the rotation (自转) of the
earth take?
A. 12 hours
B. 24 hours C. a month
D. 365 days
6. Which continent is the smallest?
A. Africa
B. North America
C. South America
D. Oceania
7. On what day is the Earth day celebrated?
A. April 22
B. May 4
C. August 21
D. November 11
8. Which ocean is the largest?
A. The Pacific Ocean
B. The Arctic Ocean
C. The Indian Ocean
D. The Atlantic Ocean
9. Which country has the largest area?
A. Canada B. China
C. Russia D. U.S.A
Prediction
Look at the picture. Do you know the
topic of this unit?
海洋里的细胞开始分裂
登陆
爬行动物
恐龙
Mammals
人类的兴起
Do you know what it was like
before life appeared on earth?
可以演化成低级生命的小液滴水
泡状的太空原始生命体
It was full of water.
1. What do we mean when we say we are
studying a subject scientifically? Or
what’s the correct attitude towards
science?
We should be objective, not
superstitious.
2. What’s the correct way to prove a
scientific idea?
We should design experiments to
test it for several times.
Then we can analyze the results and
draw a conclusion at last.
3. What are the most important skills
we need to be real scientists?
Careful, objective and logical, draw
conclusions from the experiments
and not impose conclusions on the
data.
(impose…on… 把…强加于…)
Pre-reading
1. The origin of life on earth is a question
that interests astronomers. What do you
know about it?
How old is the universe? (several billion
years ago)
How old is the Earth? (between 4.5 and
3.8 million years ago)
Which were the first creatures or plants
on Earth?...
2. Each religion and culture has its
own ideas about how life began on
earth. What do you know?
In China, we all know that Pangu
separates the sky from the earth
and Nvwa made humans.
Pangu separates the sky from the earth.
中国神话传说中有盘古开天地的说法。
巨人盘古用一把利斧劈开混沌, 将天地
分开。死后, 他的气息化成风和云, 声音
变成轰轰的雷声, 左眼化为太阳, 右眼化
为月亮, 手足与四肢变成大地的四极与
五方的名山, 血液化成江河,筋脉铺成道
路, 肌肉形成田地, 须发成为星星, 牙齿
和骨骼化为金属、珍珠、玉石, 汗水成
为滋润万物生长的甘霖和雨露。
Nvwa made humans.
Other legends about the beginning of
universe.
The Biblical Account
Day 1: God spoke and separated light
from darkness creating Day and
Night.
Day 2: God spoke and separated the
water creating sky and ocean.
Day 3: God spoke and created dry land.
Day 4: God spoke and created the sun,
moon and stars.
Day 5: God spoke and created living
creatures in the air and sea.
Day 6: God spoke and created the land
animals and man.
Day 7: God rested and blessed this day
calling it Holy.
India
Brahma is the god
first represented in the
Hindu Triad. He is the
creator of the universe
and all living beings are
said to have evolved
from him.
▲Big
Bang
Gas
New stars
remnants
Dying stars
平面图
太阳系
地球大气
Scanning
Read the passage quickly and answer
the questions.
1. When did the “Big Bang” happen?
It happened several billion years
ago.
2. What form was the earth after the “Big
Bang”?
The earth was still just a cloud of dust.
3. What made up the earth’s atmosphere
after the earth exploded?
Carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and
other gases.
4. How did water come into being on
the earth?
As the earth cooled down after it
exploded, water came into being.
5. What’s the significance of the
presence of water on the earth?
It allowed the earth to dissolve
harmful gases and acids into the
oceans and seas.
6. What was important to the development
of fish?
oxygen.
7. What made possible the rise of
mammals on the earth?
The disappearance of dinosaurs made
the possible the rise of mammals on the
earth.
8. Why are mammals different from all
life forms in the past?
They gave birth to young baby
animals and produced milk to feed
them.
Finish the Exercise 2 on the book
according to the questions above.
Close reading
I. Read the passage carefully and
match the main idea with each
paragraph.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
The formation (形成) of the
earth.
The importance of water for
life.
A widely accepted theory
about the formation of the
universe.
The arrival of humans and
their impact on the earth.
The development of plants
and animals on the earth.
II. Answer the following questions.
1. Why was the earth different from
other planets?
The water remained.
2. Why did the plants grow before the
animals came?
Because plants provide oxygen for
animals to breathe.
3. Why is it wrong in films and stories
to show dinosaurs and people
together?
Because dinosaurs died out long
before human beings developed on
the earth.
4. Why do you think that humans are the
cleverest animals on the earth?
They are the cleverest animals because
they have larger brains than any other
creature on the earth so far.
5. There used to be nine planets in the
solar system. Recently scientists have
decided that one of them can no longer
be considered a planet. Do you know
the name of that planet? Do you know
why they removed it?
Pluto. Scientists now think it is too
small to be called a planet.
6. What problem is caused by human
beings?
They cause global warming.
III. Fill in the blanks in the following
form.
Time
What happened
Big Bang
Atoms began to form and
______
combine to create stars
and other bodies.
Between 4.5
and 3.8
billion years
ago
●Dust settled into a solid
violent globe.
and ______
●The earth exploded to
produce its ___________.
atmosphere
●The continued
________
presence of water
allowed the earth to
dissolve harmful gases
and _____
acids into the oceans
and seas.
Many
●The first small plants on
millions of the surface of the water
oxygen
years later produced _______.
●Early _______
shellfish and all sorts
of fish appeared.
●Green plants began to
grow on land.
amphibians
●Insects and ___________
appeared.
Reptiles appeared
Many millions ●________
of years later and they laid eggs.
●Dinosaurs
developed, laid eggs
existed for more
and _______
than 140 million years.
●Mammals rose and
gave birth to babies.
____________
About 2.6
million years
ago
Now
●Some small ______
clever
animals with hands
and feet appeared and
spread all over the
earth.
Humans produce too
much carbon dioxide
_______,
making the earth too
hot.
IV. True (T) or False (F).
1. The earth appeared before the Big
F
Bang happened.
2. The original atmosphere consisted of
nitrogen and oxygen. F
3. The main difference between the
earth and other planets is that there
is water on the earth. T
T
4. Life began in water and then on land.
5. Mammals appeared before the
development of dinosaurs.
F
6. Dinosaurs could give birth to young
baby animals and produced milk to
feed them. F
7. Human beings produce too much
carbon dioxide which causes the global
warming on the earth. T
8. According to the text, human beings
F
would disappear in the end.
Summary
How life began on the earth.
“Big Bang”
stars
atoms
________
Earth: a cloud of _____
dust
other bodies
globe
a solid _____
carbon
nitrogen
water vapour
other 4.
_____
gases
the earth’s _____________
atmosphere
Water: fundamental
____________ to the development of life
plants on the
extremely small _______
surface of the water
early shellfish
_________ and all sorts of fish
green plants on land
amphibians
land animals
reptiles
___________
huge animals
(dinosaurs)
insects
human
beings
the rise of __________
mammals
We have
only one
earth!!!
Speaking
What should we do for our earth?
You can use the following words or
phrases to help you:
prevent… from… harmful
global
warming carbon dioxide
in turn
depend on
thus
atmosphere
as a result
Speaking
What should we do for our earth?
Let’s take part in the activities to
save the earth!
How life began on earth is one of the
biggest puzzles that scientists found
hard to solve. What other puzzles
are hidden in the passage? Find
them out and do some research.