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The World to 1900
The Americas
Colonial Empires
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The French in America
The British in America
The Spanish in America
Mercantilism
Life in the Colonies
Key Terms
Council of the Indies
Mercantilism
The North American Revolution
• Seven Years’ War
(1756-1763)
• American
Revolution
(1775-1783)
Key Terms
Seven Years’ War
Haitian Revolution (1791-1804)
• Toussaint Louverture
Key Terms
Haitian Revolution
Toussaint Louverture
Spanish American Revolutions
(1810-1825)
• Tupac Amaru Rebellion
(1780-1783)
• Simon Bolivar
• Jose de San Martin
• Miguel Hidalgo and Jose
Morelos
Key Terms
peninsulares
criollos (creoles)
Tupac Amaru Rebellion
Simon Bolivar
Jose de San Martin
Miguel Hidalgo
Jose Morelos
SOCIAL HIERARCHY
Creoles:
People of pure
European blood
But born in the
New World
Mestizos:
Indian +
European
blood
P
Peninsulares:
Native Spaniards
C
M&M
I&A
Indians and Africans
Mulattos:
African +
European blood
B
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V
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R
S
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M
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LEADERS
H
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G
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M
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Dictatorship of the
Council of the Indies and
the Viceroys
Dictatorship of the
Caudillos
Unequal trade relationship
with Spain benefiting
Unequal trade relationship
with Great Britain and the
U.S. benefiting
Native Spaniards at the top
of the social ladder,
followed by creoles, and
with the rest of the
population at the bottom
Creoles at the top of the
ladder with the rest of the
population at the bottom.
The United States (1800-1900)

Early Political Parties
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Jefferson Administration (1801-1809)
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Federalists vs. Democratic-Republicans
Louisiana Purchase
The Essex Junto and Aaron Burr
African Slave Trade Ban
Problems with France and Britain
War of 1812
Key Terms
Federalist
Democratic Republican
War of 1812
The United States (1800-1900)

The 1820’s
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Missouri Compromise
Foreign Policy
New Political Parties
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Panama Debate
Jackson Administration (1829-1837)
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National Republicans vs. Democratic-Republicans
Indian Policy
Annexation of Texas
Whigs vs. Democrats
Texas Becomes a State (1846)
Key Terms
Monroe Doctrine
National Republicans
Whigs
The United States (1800-1900)

Mid-1800’s: Era of Reform
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Mexican-American War (1846-1848)
Prelude to the Civil War (1850-1860)
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Reform Movements
Changing Status of Women
Beginnings of Nativism
Formation of the Republican Party
Dred Scott Decision
John Brown’s Raid
Election of 1860
The Civil War (1861-1865)
Reconstruction (1865-1877)
Key Terms
Dred Scott Decision
Reconstruction
19th Century Latin America

Mexico
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
Agustin de Iturbide (1822-1823)
Constitution of 1824
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Benito Juarez (1858-1872)
War of the Pacific (1879-1884)
Key Terms
Agustin de Iturbide
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Benito Juarez
War of the Pacific
The World to 1900
Europe
The French Revolution
The Moderate Stage (1789-1792)
– National Assembly Formed
(June 1789)
– Fall of the Bastille (July 1789)
– “Declaration of the Rights of Man
and the Citizen” (August 1789)
– Reforms of the National Assembly
(1789-1791)
Key Terms
Louis XVI
Estates General
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
The French Revolution (cont’d)
The Radical Stage (1792-1794)
– Republic Established (Sept 1792)
– Execution of the King (Jan 1793)
– The Committee of Public Safety
– Rights of Women
The Directory (1795-1799)
Key Terms
Committee of Public Safety
Maximilien Robespierre
The Directory
Napoleon Bonaparte (1799-1815)
The Consulate (1799-1804)
– The Code Napoleon
– Religion
As Emperor (1804-1810)
– The Continental System
– The Spanish Ulcer
The Fall of Napoleon
First Exile
The Hundred Days
Second Exile
– Congress of Vienna (1815)
Key Terms
Napoleon Bonaparte
Code Napoleon
Continental System
Congress of Vienna
Napoleon (cont’d)
The Industrial Revolution
Why Europe?
The Agricultural Revolution
Technological Change Since 1700
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The Steam Engine
Electric Power
Railroads
Steamship
Communications
Changing Social Patterns
– Aristocracy
– Middle Class
– Laboring Class
19th Century Ideologies
Socialism
– Karl Marx (1818-1883)
Liberalism
– Louis Phillippe (1830-1848)
– Britain’s Great Reform Bill
Conservatism
Revolutions of 1848
– France: Napoleon III (1851-1870)
– Revolution in Italy
– Revolution in Germany
Romanticism
Darwinism
– Charles Darwin (1809-1882)
– Social Darwinism
Nationalism
Key Terms
Socialism
Karl Marx
Liberalism
Conservatism
Romanticism
Social Darwinism
Nationalism
The Italian Unification
Count Camillo di
Cavour (1810-1861)
 Giuseppe Garibaldi
(1807-1882)
 Victor Immanuel II
(r. 1861-1878)

Key Terms
Camillo di Cavour
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Victor Immanuel II
The Italian Unification
The German Unification

Otto von Bismarck
(1862-1898)
 War with Denmark
(1864-1865)
 War with Austria (1866)
 War with France
(Franco-Prussian War
1870-71)
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France’s Third Republic
Key Terms
Otto von Bismarck
The German Unification
The World to 1900
Africa
Nineteenth Century Africa
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Banning of the Slave Trade
New Economic Patterns
Rise of New Regional States
 The Sokoto Caliphate
 Liberated Slave States
► Sierra Leone
► Liberia
 The Zanzibar Commercial
Empire
 The Zulu Kingdom and the
Boer Republics
Key Terms
Usman dan Fodio
Sierra Leone
Liberia
Zanzibar
Shaka Zulu
Boer Republics
The only known drawing of Shaka
Nineteenth Century Africa (cont’d)
► The
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Age of Imperialism in Africa
Factors that Facilitated Imperialism
Colonization of the Congo Basin
The Occupation of Egypt
The Imperial Scramble
The Roots of African Resistance
The South African War (1899-1902)
► The
Impact of Empire on Africa
Key Terms
Leopold II
South African War
Boer guerrillas during the South
African War
The Shrinking Ottoman Empire
 Reform and Rebellion
 The Tanzimat
 The Crimean War (1853-1856)
 Nicholas I of Russia
 The Young Turks
 The Transformation of Egypt
 Muhammad Ali (r. 1805-1848)
 The Suez Canal
 Origins of Arab Nationalism
 The Maghrib
Key Terms
The Tanzimat
Crimean War
Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali
The British in India
 The British East
India Company
 Indian Revolt of
1857
 The Rise of Indian
Nationalism

Indian National
Congress
Key Terms
Indian National Congress
Qing China (1644-1912)
 The Manchu Conquest
 The Consolidation of Manchu Rule
 Kangxi (1662-1722)
 Jesuits in China
 Height of the Qing Regime
 Qianlong (1736-1795)
 White Lotus Rebellion (1796-1804)
 Vietnam: Expansion and Foreign
Influence
 Chinese Culture
Key Terms
Manchus
Kangxi
Qianlong
White Lotus Rebellion
Qing China (cont’d)
 Internal Problems
 The Opium Trade

Treaty of Nanjing (1842)
 Hong Xiuquan and the
Taiping Rebellion
(1850-1864)
 The Empress Dowager
(1861-1908)
Key Terms
Treaty of Nanjing
Taiping Rebellion
Empress Dowager
Tokugawa Japan
 Western Compromise
 Civil War and Meiji
Restoration
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Mutsuhito (1867-1912)
 Centralization and Western
Adaptations
Key Terms
Mutsuhito
Saigo Takamori
zaibatsu
The Impact of Imperialism in Asia
 Southeast Asia and the
West
 Indonesia and the Dutch
 Japan vs. China in Korea

Sino-Japanese War
(1894-1895)
 Scramble for Chinese
Concessions
Key Terms
Sino-Japanese War
The Chinese and Japanese Response
 The Boxer Uprising
 The Russo-Japanese
War (1904-1905)
 End of the Qing
Empire (1912)
Key Terms
Boxer Uprising
Russo-Japanese War
Yuan Shikai
Boxers
Boxers fighting Eight-Nation Alliance
(English and Japanese soldiers depicted)