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Global Studies II
Scientific Revolution &
Enlightenment- WWI and the
Russian Revolution
100 Concepts Sci.-Russ
Revolutions
1
11
21
31
41
51
61
71
81
91
2
12
22
32
42
52
62
72
82
92
3
13
23
33
43
53
63
73
83
93
4
14
24
34
44
54
64
74
84
94
5
15
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
95
6
16
26
36
46
56
66
76
86
96
7
17
27
37
47
57
67
77
87
97
8
18
28
38
48
58
68
78
88
98
9
10
19 20
29 30
39 40
49 50
59 60
69 70
79 80
89 90
99 100
Number 1:
QUESTION:
Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Isaac Newton promoted the idea that knowledge should be based on
1.
the experiences of past civilizations
2.
experimentation and observation
3.
emotions and feelings
4.
the teachings of the Catholic Church
ANSWER:
2. Experimentation and
observation
Number 2:
QUESTION:
During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of
many scientists and philosophers was that they
1.
relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers
2.
favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions
3.
received support from the Catholic Church
4.
examined natural laws governing the universe
ANSWER:
4. Examined natural laws governing the
universe.
Number 3:
QUESTION:
Which statement best describes the effects of the works of Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo
Galilei, Sir Isaac Newton, and René Descartes?
1.
The acceptance of traditional authority was strengthened.
2.
The scientific method was used to solve problems.
3.
4.
Funding to education was increased by the English government.
Interest in Greek and Roman drama was renewed
ANSWER:
2. The scientific method was used to
solve problems
Number 4:
QUESTION:
Speaker A: Good government stresses the importance of the nation and accepts the rights of the individual only if the interests of the
individual are the same as those of the nation.
Speaker B: The person of the king is sacred and to attack him in any way is to attack religion itself. The respect given to a king is religious
in nature.
Speaker C: All human beings are born free and equal with a right to life and liberty. It is the duty of government to protect these natural
rights of its citizens.
Speaker D: Our goal will not be achieved by democracy or liberal reforms, but by blood and iron. Only then will we be successful. No
nation achieves greatness or unity without the traumatic experiences of war.
Which speaker’s statement best reflects the ideas of the Enlightenment?
A
B
C
D
ANSWER:
Speaker C
Number 5:
QUESTION:
Speaker A: The story of history is the story of class struggles. Revolution is necessary to overthrow the ruling class and eventually create a classless
society in which no one will be exploited.
Speaker B: The royal power is absolute and the prince need render account of his acts to no one. Where the word of a king is, there is no power.
Without this absolute authority, the king could neither do good nor repress evil.
Speaker C: Government should leave business alone. It should let the natural law of supply and demand determine what gets produced, how much
gets produced, who does the work, the price of goods, rates of pay, and all other economic questions.
Speaker D: Men are born and remain free and equal in rights. It is the duty of every government to preserve and protect these natural inalienable
rights.
Which speaker expresses the views of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau?
1.
2.
3.
4.
A
B
C
D
ANSWER:
4. Men are born and remain equal in rights…duty
of gov to protect these natural rights
Number 6:
QUESTION:
“We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal, that they are
endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life,
liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”
The ideas expressed in the quotation are based primarily on the writings of
1.
2.
3.
4.
Niccolo Machiavelli
Charles Darwin
Charlemagne
John Locke
ANSWER:
4. John Locke, Natural Rights
Number 7:
QUESTION:
Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
1.
2.
3.
4.
changing the relationship between people and their government
supporting the divine right theory
debating the role of the church in society
promoting increased power for European monarchs
ANSWER:
1. Changing the relationship between
people and their governments
Number 8:
QUESTION:
The writings of the Enlightenment philosophers in Europe
encouraged later political revolution with their support of
1.
2.
3.
4.
socialism
imperialism
the natural rights of man
the divine right monarchies
ANSWER:
3. The natural rights of man
Number 9:
QUESTION:
The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed the
government decisions should be based on
1.
2.
3.
4.
fundamental religious beliefs
the concept of divine right of kings
laws of nature and reason
traditional values
ANSWER:
3. The laws of nature and reason
Number 10:
QUESTION:
Which statement reflects an argument of Enlightenment
philosophers against the belief in the divine right of kings?
1.
2.
3.
4.
god has chosen all government rulers
independence is built by military might
a capitalist economic system is necessary for democracy
the power of the government is derived from the governed
ANSWER:
4. The power of the government is
derived from the governed.
Number 11:
QUESTION:
John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau would be most likely to
support
1.
2.
3.
4.
a
a
a
a
return to feudalism in Europe
government ruled by a divine right monarchy
society ruled by the Catholic Church
society in which the people chose the ruler
ANSWER:
4. A society in which the people chose the
ruler
Number 12:
QUESTION:
--Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains.
--Everyone has the natural right to life, liberty, and property.
--Slavery, torture, and religious persecution are wrong.
During which period in European history would the ideas in these statements have been
expressed?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pax Romana
Age of Exploration
Enlightenment
Age of Imperialism
ANSWER:
3. Enlightenment- humans free and able to
pariticipate in gov decision process. Gov
protects natural rights
Number 13:
QUESTION:
During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one
similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was
that they
1.
2.
relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers
favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic
conditions
3.
received support from the Catholic Church
4.
examined natural laws governing the universe
A
? NSWER:
4. Examined natural laws governing
the universe
Number 14:
QUESTION:
Which statement best describes a change that occurred
during both the Renaissance and the Enlightenment?
1.
2.
3.
4.
feudalism became the dominant political system
the use of reason and logic were discouraged
technology and science were considered unimportant
a new questioning spirit and attitude emerged
ANSWER:
4. A new questioning spirit and
attitude emerged
Number 15:
QUESTION:
“We prefer self-government with danger, to servitude in tranquility.”
The author of this statement would most likely support
1.
2.
3.
4.
imperialism
independence movements
colonial expansion
mercantilism
ANSWER:
2. Independence movements
Number 16:
QUESTION:
A major concept promoted by philosophers of the
Enlightenment was the need for
1.
2.
3.
4.
a return to traditional medieval ideas
the use of reason for rational and logical thinking
overseas expansion by western European nations
strengthening the power of the organized religions
ANSWER:
2. The use of reason for rational and
logical thinking
Number 17:
QUESTION:
One important result of the French Revolution was that
1.
2.
France enjoyed a lengthy period of peace and prosperity
the church was restored to its former role and power in
the French government
3.
political power shifted to the bourgeoisie
4.
France lost its spirit of nationalism
ANSWER:
3.
Number 18:
QUESTION:
Which statement is a valid generalization about the
immediate results of the French Revolution of 1789?
1.
2.
the Roman Catholic Church increased its power and wealth
the revolution achieved its goal of establishing peace,
democracy, and justice for all
3.
the revolution had little impact outside France
4.
the French middle class gained more power
ANSWER:
4.
Number 19:
QUESTION:
In France, which was a major result of the French Revolution?
1.
2.
3.
4.
the
the
the
the
king was restored to unlimited power
clergy dominated government
middle class gained political influence
tax burden was carried by the lower class
ANSWER:
3.
Number 20:
QUESTION:
A study of revolutions would most likely lead to the conclusion that
pre-Revolutionary governments
1.
are more concerned about human rights than the governments that
replace them
2.
refuse to modernize their armed forces with advanced technology
3.
attempt to bring about the separation of government from religion
4.
fail to meet the political and economic needs of their people
ANSWER:
4.
Number 21:
QUESTION:
“Congress of Vienna Restores Monarchy to France”
“Czar Nicholas I Limits Freedom of the Russian Press”
“Reform Movements Crushed in Hungary, Italy, and the German States”
These headlines could be described as
1.
2.
3.
4.
reactions to the French Revolution
movements to unify all of western Europe
efforts to improve the conditions of factory workers
attempts to promote trade between European nations
?
ANSWER:
1.
Number 22:
QUESTION:
The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte because
they hoped he would
1.
2.
3.
4.
adopt the ideas of the Protestant Reformation
restore Louis XVI to power
provide stability for the nation
end British control of France
ANSWER:
3.
Number 23:
QUESTION:
Simon Bolivar and Miguel Hidalgo, leaders of Latin American
independence movements, were inspired by successful
revolutions in
1.
2.
3.
4.
the Untied States and France
the Soviet Union and China
Cuba and Costa Rica
Egypt and Kenya
ANSWER:
1.
Number 24:
QUESTION:
During the early 1800’s, which was a major influence on the struggle
for political independence in Latin America?
1.
2.
3.
poor conditions in urban centers in Latin America
the American and French Revolutions
the desire of the Roman Catholic Church in Latin America to
escape European control
4.
demands by Latin American workers to own their own factories
ANSWER:
2.
Number 25:
QUESTION:
One similarity in the leadership of Latin Americas Jose de San
Martin, Toussaint Le’Ouverture, Bernanrdo O’Higgins, and
Pedro I was that each leader
1.
2.
3.
4.
opposed United States intervention in Haiti
led a struggle to gain freedom for the people of his nation
opposed membership of his nation in the League of Nations
established an absolute monarchy in his nation
ANSWER:
2.
Number 26:
QUESTION:
“I will never allow my hands to be idle nor my soul to rest until I have broken
the chains laid upon us by Spain.”
This statement was most likely made by
1.
2.
3.
4.
a
a
a
a
Latin American nationalist
Portuguese explorer
Roman Catholic bishop
Spanish conquistador
ANSWER:
1.
Number 27:
QUESTION:
Which of these situations was the direct result of the other three?
1.
2.
3.
4.
nations of Latin America won independence
revolutions occurred in North America and France
the Napoleonic wars weakened Spain’s power
creoles and mestizos became discontented with Spanish rule
ANSWER:
1.
Number 28:
QUESTION:
The 19th-century independence movements in Latin America
were influenced by
1.
2.
3.
4.
Marxist ideology
the Aztec wars against Hernando Cortez
liberation theology
the American and the French Revolutions
ANSWER:
4.
Number 29:
QUESTION:
Simon Bolivar, Toussaint L’Overture, and Bernardo O’Higgins
were Latin American leaders of
1.
2.
3.
4.
economic development
educational reforms
independence movements
colonial expansion
ANSWER:
3.
Number 30:
QUESTION:
In which region of the world did the American Revolution and
the French Revolution have the greatest influence during
the 1800’s?
1.
Southeast Asia
2.
Latin America
3.
South Asia
4.
sub-Saharan Africa
ANSWER:
2.
Number 31:
QUESTION:
Simón Bolívar, José de San Martín, and Toussaint l’Ouverture
are important in Latin American history because they were
1.
2.
3.
4.
20th-century caudillos
leaders of liberation movements
members of the Organization of American States (OAS)
winners of the Nobel Peace Prize
ANSWER:
2.
Number 32:
QUESTION:
“A country is not merely a geographic territory. A country is also the idea
given birth by the geographic territory. A country is a sense of love that
unites, as one, all the sons and daughters of that geographic territory…”
--World History: A Story of Progress
This quotation supports the idea of
1.
2.
3.
4.
totalitarian rule
absolute monarchy
mercantilism
nationalism
ANSWER:
4.
Number 33:
QUESTION:
In a number of European countries in the 1800’s, which
situation occurred as a result of the influence of the French
Revolution?
1.
2.
3.
4.
increase in religious conflict
rise of nationalistic movements
decentralization of governmental power
economic depression
ANSWER:
2.
Number 34:
QUESTION:
Which quotation best reflects a feeling of nationalism?
1.
2.
“An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth”
“A person’s greatest social obligation is loyalty to the
family”
3.
“For God, King, and Country”
4.
“Opposition to evil is as much a duty as is cooperation
with good”
ANSWER:
3.
Number 35:
QUESTION:
Nationalism is most likely to develop in an area that has
1.
2.
3.
4.
land suited to agriculture
adequate industry to supply consumer demands
a moderate climate with rivers for irrigation
common customs, language, and history
ANSWER:
4.
Number 36:
QUESTION:
Nationalism is best defined as
1.
2.
3.
4.
the achievement of world peace and global understanding
the desire to take over other societies by force
a method of solving basic economic problems of the society
the loyalty of a people to their values, traditions, and a
geographic region
ANSWER:
4.
Number 37:
QUESTION:
The best example of the success of nationalism in Europe is
the
1.
2.
3.
4.
development of socialism in France
Industrial Revolution in Great Britain
establishment of the Common Market
unification of Germany
ANSWER:
4.
Number 38:
QUESTION:
Which condition is most necessary to the process of
industrialization in a society?
1.
2.
3.
4.
dependence on subsistence agriculture
creation of a one-crop economy
availability of investment capital
capture of foreign lands
ANSWER:
3.
Number 39:
QUESTION:
According to Karl Marx, history is the record of the
1.
2.
3.
4.
granting of more political liberties to all people
struggle between classes in society
wars and conflicts between national leaders
increasing prosperity brought about by industrialization
ANSWER:
2.
Number 40:
QUESTION:
A main idea of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles’ Communist Manifesto
is that the proletariat
1.
2.
3.
4.
would need foreign help to achieve its revolutionary ends
had to cooperate with the capitalists to gain economic rewards
should allow the capitalists to control the means of production
must unite to overthrow the capitalist class
ANSWER:
4.
Number 41:
QUESTION:
“Revolution will occur more and more frequently in the industrialized nations
as the proletariat struggles to overcome the abuses of the capitalist
system.”
This quotation reflects the ideas of
1.
2.
3.
4.
Charles Darwin
Karl Marx
Niccolo Machiavelli
John Locke
ANSWER:
2.
Number 42:
QUESTION:
“The proletarians have nothing to lose but their
chains…Workers of the world, unite!”
This statement was made in response to conditions resulting from the
1.
2.
3.
4.
Protestant Reformation
Counter-Reformation
Commercial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
ANSWER:
4.
Number 43:
QUESTION:
Before a nation can begin to industrialize, that nation must
first develop
1.
2.
3.
4.
a democratic government
a rigid class structure
a strong religious foundation
an adequate food supply
ANSWER:
4.
Number 44:
QUESTION:
A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the
1.
2.
3.
4.
concentration of workers in urban areas
increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power
formation of powerful craft guilds
control of agricultural production by governments
ANSWER:
1.
Number 45:
QUESTION:
According to the theories of Karl Marx, history can
be viewed as a
1.
succession of famines that result in the destruction of
civilizations
2.
repeating cycle of imperialism and colonialism
3.
listing of the accomplishments of the ruling classes
4.
continuous struggle between economic classes
ANSWER:
4.
Number 46:
QUESTION:
-Europeans sought new markets for their goods.
-Many Europeans migrated to the cities in search of jobs.
-European middle class gained political power.
What was the major cause of these changes in Europe?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Industrial Revolution
rise of feudalism
Congress of Vienna
French Revolution
ANSWER:
1.
Number 47:
QUESTION:
Which revolution inspired Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to
express their ideas in The Communist Manifesto?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Industrial
Scientific
Glorious
Neolithic
ANSWER:
1.
Number 48:
QUESTION:
Before Commodore Matthew Perry’s expedition to Japan in 1853,
Japan was most influenced by
1.
2.
3.
4.
Russia’s need for warm water ports
the introduction of advanced technology from the United States
France’s quest for new colonies
China’s religion, art, and writing
ANSWER:
4.
Number 49:
QUESTION:
In Japan, the Meiji Restoration resulted in the
1.
2.
3.
4.
division of the nation between the European powers
modernization of the nation’s industry
abolition of the position of emperor
government being controlled by the samurai
ANSWER:
2.
Number 50:
QUESTION:
An immediate result of Commodore Matthew Perry’s visit to
Japan in 1853 was
1.
2.
3.
4.
an alliance between Japan and Russia
the development of trade between Japan and the West
a war between Japan and the United States
the continued isolation of Japan
ANSWER:
2.
Number 51:
QUESTION:
The arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry in Japan in 1853
signaled the end of Japanese
1.
2.
3.
4.
cultural contacts with the West
policies of isolationism
militarism in Southeast Asia
trade relations with the United States
ANSWER:
2.
Number 52:
QUESTION:
A major goal of the Meiji government in Japan was to
1.
2.
3.
4.
isolate Japan from other nations
achieve political union with China
establish Japan as an industrial power
encourage colonization of Asia by Western nations
ANSWER:
3.
Number 53:
QUESTION:
The modernization of Japan during the Meiji Restoration
resulted in
1.
2.
3.
4.
a return to a feudal system of government
the rise of Japan as an imperialistic nation
an alliance between China, Korea, Russia, and Japan
a strengthening of Japan’s isolationist policies
ANSWER:
2.
Number 54:
QUESTION:
Which statement best describes events in Japan during the
period of the Meiji Restoration?
Japan sought to isolate itself from world affairs.
2. Rapid industrialization and economic growth occurred.
3. Local lords increased their power over the Japanese
emperor.
4. Agriculture was taken over by the government.
1.
ANSWER:
2.
Number 55:
QUESTION:
A primary purpose for building the Suez Canal was to
1.
2.
3.
encourage Jewish settlement in nearby Palestine
increase trade between the Middle East, Europe and Asia
reduce the time needed for travel between the Atlantic
Ocean and the Caribbean Sea
4.
allow Indian merchants to reach the east coast of Africa
ANSWER:
2.
Number 56:
QUESTION:
Which is an accurate statement about the partitioning of Africa by
European imperialist nations during the 1800’s?
1.
2.
new nations were based on old tribal boundaries
the cultural and ethnic diversity of the African people was
disregarded
3.
the continent was divided equally among the colonial powers
4.
African unity was encouraged
ANSWER:
2.
Number 57:
QUESTION:
After 1880, European nations sought colonies in Africa primarily
because the Europeans were
1.
2.
3.
4.
in need of land for their surplus populations
competing of raw materials and markets
determined to bring Christianity to the Moslem world
interested in completing their geographic knowledge of the
world
ANSWER:
2.
Number 58:
QUESTION:
The 19th century term “White Man’s Burden” reflects the idea that
1.
2.
3.
4.
Asians and Africans were equal to Europeans
Asians and Africans would be grateful for European help
imperialism was opposed by most Europeans
Europeans had a responsibility to improve the lives of the
colonial peoples
ANSWER:
4.
Number 59:
QUESTION:
The Sepoy Mutiny in India, the Boxer Rebellion in China, and
the Islamic Revolution in Iran were similar in that they
1.
2.
restored power to the hereditary monarchies
attempted to reject the traditional cultures in these
countries
3.
resisted foreign influence in these countries
4.
reestablished the power of religious leaders
ANSWER:
3.
Number 60:
QUESTION:
During the 19th century, Europeans were able to divide China
in Spheres of Influence mainly because the
1.
2.
3.
4.
Chinese were eager to adopt western culture
Europeans had technologically superior military forces
Europeans were willing to adopt Chinese customs
Chinese lacked raw materials and resources
ANSWER:
2.
Number 61:
QUESTION:
The Boxer Rebellion of the early 20th century was an attempt
to
1.
2.
3.
4.
eliminate poverty among the Chinese peasants
bring western-style democracy to China
restore trade between China and European nations
remove foreign influences from China
ANSWER:
4.
Number 62:
QUESTION:
“Yesterday, your ambassador petitioned my ministers regarding your trade with
China…our Celestial Empire possesses all things in great abundance and lacks no
product within its own borders. There is, therefore, no need to import any product
manufactured by outside barbarians in exchange for our own goods.”
-Emperor Ch’ien Lung of China to King George III of Britain, 1793
In the view of the Emperor, which foreign policy action was in the best interest of China
in 1793?
1.
2.
3.
4.
maintaining economic isolation
expanding foreign trade
increasing international interdependence
developing into a colonial power
ANSWER:
1.
Number 63:
QUESTION:
British control over South Africa, French control over Indochina, and
Spanish control over Mexico are examples of
1.
2.
3.
4.
isolationism
appeasement
nonalignment
imperialism
ANSWER:
4.
Number 64:
QUESTION:
In the past, European nations have conquered other lands, made them into
colonies, and controlled their economies.
Which term refers to the situation described in this statement?
1.
2.
3.
4.
socialism
isolationism
imperialism
monotheism
ANSWER:
3.
Number 65:
QUESTION:
In the past, European nations have conquered other lands, made them into
colonies, and controlled their economies.
This statement describes a situation that resulted from the
1.
2.
3.
4.
industrialization of Europe and the need for raw materials
desire of Europeans to spread communism throughout the world
European belief in human rights for all people
requests of developing nations for modern machines and technology
ANSWER:
1.
Number 66:
QUESTION:
During the 1840’s, China signed “unequal treaties” with
Western nations mainly because
1.
2.
3.
4.
China had won the Opium War
Western nations had superior military technology
leaders in China favored expansion
China had requested economic assistance from the West
ANSWER:
2.
Number 67:
QUESTION:
Throughout the 1800’s, an increased need for both raw materials and
new markets for manufactured goods led various European
nations to pursue policies of
1.
2.
3.
4.
imperialism
socialism
isolationism
communism
ANSWER:
1.
Number 68:
QUESTION:
During the 18th and 19th centuries, increased contact between
European and the continents of Africa, Asia, and South America
resulted in
1.
2.
3.
4.
closer cultural cooperation between Europe and these continents
the exploitation of the labor and resources of these continents
a return to the political and economic systems of feudal Europe
preservation of the rights of the indigenous peoples
ANSWER:
2.
Number 69:
QUESTION:
Take up the White Man’s burden—
Send forth the best ye breed
Go bind your sons to exile
To serve your captives’ need;
To wait, in heavy harness,
On fluttered folk and wild—
Your new-caught, sullen peoples,
Half-devil and half-child.
--Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man’s Burden”
ANSWER:
1.
The phrase “White Man’s burden” in
this excerpt refers to the
1.
negative attitude of Europeans
toward peoples of the nonWestern world
2.
advantages Europeans would
gain by colonizing Africa, Asia,
and Latin America
3.
positive role of the Roman
Catholic Church in Africa and Asia
4.
challenges non-Europeans
faced when trading with the
Europeans
Number 70:
QUESTION:
Both the French and the British were interested in controlling
Egypt in the mid-19th century because Egypt had
1.
2.
3.
4.
control of the spice trade
an industrial-based economy
vital mineral resources
a strategic location
ANSWER:
4.
Number 71:
QUESTION:
…, you, Africa, suffered like a beast
Your ashes strewn to the wind that roams the desert,
Your tyrants built the lustrous, magic temples
To preserve your soul, preserve your suffering.
Barbaric right of fist and the white right to whip,
You had the right to die, you could also weep.
--Patrice Lumumba, “Dawn in the Heart of Africa”
ANSWER:
1.
*This African
poem is
discussing the
evils of
1.
2.
3.
4.
imperialism
communism
nationalism
regionalism
Number 72:
QUESTION:
The results of the Opium War (1839-1842) indicate that China
was
1.
2.
3.
4.
still a major military power
not strong enough to resist Western demands
rapidly building a modern industrial economy
accepting Western nations as equal trading partner
ANSWER:
2.
Number 73:
QUESTION:
During the 18th and 19th centuries, Europeans improved roads and
bridges and built railroads in their colonies primarily to
1.
2.
3.
4.
provide jobs for the colonists
obtain raw materials needed for industrialization
impress the colonists with their technological knowledge
help missionaries spread Christianity
ANSWER:
2.
Number 74:
QUESTION:
“Compared to other peoples of the world we have the greatest (largest) population and our civilization
is four thousand years old…Today we are the poorest and weakest nation in the world and occupy
the lowest position in international affairs. Other men are the carving knife and serving dish, we
are the fish and the meat. As a consequence…we are being transformed everywhere into a colony
of the foreign powers.”
Which events formed the basis for the ideas expressed in this early 1900’s passage?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Opium War and Boxer Rebellion
Mau Mau uprising and adoption of apartheid
Sepoy Mutiny and the Salt March
Haitian Revolution and Cortes’ march on Mexico City
ANSWER:
1.
Number 75:
QUESTION:
One result of British colonialism in India was that India
1.
2.
3.
4.
adopted a parliamentary system of government
developed religious unity
supported Western foreign policies in the United Nations
created programs to increase its population
ANSWER:
1.
Number 76:
QUESTION:
“The Ashanti and Ijebu... strongly resisted missionary incursion [interference]-for a time at least . . .
Both groups grudgingly [reluctantly] accepted missionaries and their schools only after military
defeat by imperial forces.”
— Edward H. Berman
A valid conclusion based on this quotation would be that some Africans
1.
2.
3.
4.
opposed giving up their religious and cultural heritage
returned to the worship of their traditional gods after the defeat of the missionaries
cooperated with the missionaries for economic gain
feared that missionaries would refuse to teach their children
ANSWER:
1.
Number 77:
QUESTION:
In 19th-century China, the Opium War resulted in
1.
2.
3.
4.
the control of Hong Kong being returned to China
the removal of all British naval forces from China
an increase in European spheres of influence in China
the rejection of Buddhism by the Chinese people
ANSWER:
3.
Number 78:
QUESTION:
The borders that were established for many African nations
during the late 1800’s were based primarily on
1.
2.
3.
4.
natural geographic barriers
easy access to natural resources
territorial claims of colonial rulers
cultural differences between ethnic groups
ANSWER:
3.
Number 79:
QUESTION:
An analysis of the Russo-Japanese War and the Boer War
shows that one reason nations go to war is to
1.
2.
3.
4.
assist oppressed people
spread religious beliefs
satisfy imperialist goals
honor provisions of a treaty
ANSWER:
3.
Number 80:
QUESTION:
Which statement best expresses the motive for 19th-century European
imperialism?
1.
2.
Living space was needed for the excess population in western Europe.
European leaders believed imperialism was an effective method of
reducing the number of wars.
3.
European nations would benefit from some aspects of the conquered
nation’s culture.
4.
Imperialism would benefit the economies of the colonial powers
ANSWER:
4.
Number 81:
QUESTION:
In 1917, Bolshevik leaders in Russia sought peace with Germany
because the new Russian government
1.
2.
decided to join forces with Germany and the Central Powers
needed to concentrate its troops and resources on its war with
Turkey
3.
wanted to retain power and avoid German occupation
4.
needed to control the Baltic Sea and wanted a warm water port
ANSWER:
3.
Number 82:
QUESTION:
In Eastern Europe after World War I, the greatest obstacle to
national unity in many nation-states was the
1.
2.
3.
4.
great ethnic diversity found in the region
economic dependence of Eastern Europe on Japan
acceptance of democratic traditions by most Eastern Europeans
expansion of United States influence in the region
ANSWER:
1.
Number 83:
QUESTION:
Which statement best describes the relationship between World War I and
the Russian Revolution?
1.
World War I created conditions within Russia that helped trigger a
revolution
2.
World War I postponed the Russian Revolution by restoring confidence
in the Czar
3.
the Russian Revolution inspired the Russian people to win World War I
4.
World War I gave the Czar’s army the needed experience to suppress
the Russian Revolution
ANSWER:
1.
Number 84:
QUESTION:
A major cause of World War I was
1.
2.
3.
4.
a decline in the policy of imperialism
the existence of opposing alliances
an increase in acts of aggression by England
the spread of communism throughout Europe
ANSWER:
2.
Number 85:
QUESTION:
Why was the Balkan region referred to as the “Powder Keg of
Europe” prior to World War I?
1.
The aggression of the Ottoman Empire was disrupting the
balance of power.
2.
Yugoslavia was invading its neighboring countries.
3.
Nationalistic and imperialistic rivalries were increasing.
4.
The area was the leading supplier of military equipment to the
rest of the world.
ANSWER:
3.
Number 86:
QUESTION:
The major impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany was that
the treaty led to
1.
2.
3.
an era of peace and international good will in Germany
a stable Germany that was both democratic and strong
an increase in Germany’s desire to regain its power and
prestige
4.
a leadership position for Germany in the League of Nations
ANSWER:
3.
Number 87:
QUESTION:
“Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated!”
“Germany Declares War on Russia and France!”
“Peace Treaty Signed at Versailles!”
Which event is referred to in these headlines?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Franco-Prussian War
Crimean War
World War I
Cold War
ANSWER:
3.
Number 88:
QUESTION:
What is the practice of voting for
candidates of different parties for
different offices?
ANSWER:
Split-ticket voting
Number 89:
QUESTION:
Which is generally a characteristic of a communist economy?
1.
investment is encouraged by the promise of large profits
2.
the role of government in the economy is restricted by law
3.
government agencies are involved in production planning
4.
entrepreneurs sell shares in their companies to the
government
ANSWER:
3.
Number 90:
QUESTION:
“A group of planners makes all economic decisions. The group assigns natural, human,
and capital resources to the production of those goods and services it wants. The
group decides how to produce them and to whom to distribute them”
This description best applies to the
1.
2.
3.
4.
manorial economy of feudal Europe
mercantile economy of 18th century Europe
command economy of the Soviet Union
market economy of the United States
ANSWER:
3.
Number 91:
QUESTION:
Stalin’s Five-Year Plans and his decision to form collectives are
examples of
1.
strategies to modernize the economy of the Soviet Union
through forced communism
2.
a more friendly foreign policy toward China
3.
methods of dealing with the United States during the Cold War
4.
programs to westernize, educate, and enlighten the population
ANSWER:
1.
Number 92:
QUESTION:
A major cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the
1.
2.
3.
defeat of Germany in the Russian campaign
marriage of Czar Nicholas II to a German princess
existence of sharp economic differences between social
classes
4.
appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobility
ANSWER:
3.
Number 93:
QUESTION:
A major effect of Josef Stalin’s policy of Collectivization on
Soviet agriculture was
1.
2.
3.
4.
a widespread food shortage throughout the nation
an increase in the export of agricultural products
a surplus of agricultural goods
the immediate creation of many small private farms
ANSWER:
1.
Number 94:
QUESTION:
The term that best describes the position of Jews in Czarist
Russia is
1.
2.
3.
4.
political elite
persecuted minority
landed gentry
military leaders
ANSWER:
2.
Number 95:
QUESTION:
“…the organizations of the revolutionaries must consist first, foremost, and mainly of people who make
revolutionary activity their profession…such an organization must of necessity be not too extensive
and as secret as possible…”
-V.I. Lenin, 1917
This quotation refers to Lenin’s plan to
1.
2.
3.
4.
defeat Germany in World War I
establish democracy in Russia
maintain communist power in Western Europe
overthrow the Russian government
ANSWER:
4.
Number 96:
QUESTION:
Josef Stalin’s leadership of the Soviet Union can best be
characterized as a period of
1.
2.
3.
4.
democratic reform and nationalism
humanism and democracy
religious freedom and tolerance
censorship and terror
ANSWER:
4.
Number 97:
QUESTION:
The political reorganization of Russia after the Communist
Revolution of 1917 resulted in
1.
2.
3.
4.
the establishment of a two-party political system
increased political power for ethnic minorities
a limited monarchy with the czar as a figurehead
a federation of socialist republics
ANSWER:
4.
Number 98:
QUESTION:
Under Josef Stalin, the Soviet Union emphasized centralized
economic planning and Five-Year Plans primarily to
1.
2.
3.
4.
produce more consumer goods
expand exports
create a demand for high-quality imports
develop heavy industry
ANSWER:
4.
Number 99:
QUESTION:
Russian peasants supported the Bolsheviks in 1917 primarily
because the Bolsheviks pledged to
1.
2.
3.
4.
establish and maintain collective farms
redistribute land and make peace
keep crop yields low
limit the income of the nobility
ANSWER:
2.
Number 100:
QUESTION:
The Kirghiz with whom we stopped was very well off. . . . After some tea our host asked me, “Where is the Ak Padsha now,
the White Tsar Nikolai?”
“He and all his family, the Tsaritsa, their daughters and son, have been killed by the Bolsheviks,” I answered.
The old man gave a deep sigh . . .“And you . . . Are you one of the men of the regime of Nikolai?”
“Yes, of course,” I replied. “I detest and despise the Bolsheviks.”
The old man . . . began to blink and a tear rolled down his cheek, while the rest of the family sobbed . . .
I was deeply touched by the scene. On this remote frontier of the Empire, . . . a family of nomad herdsmen was weeping for
the tragic death of their White Pasha, as the Tsar was known.
In which period of time did this scene take place?
1.
2.
3.
4.
during the Napoleonic Wars
after Mao Zedong came to power
after the Russian Revolution
during World War II
ANSWER:
3.
Score and Graph