Download Nervous System

Nervous System
Functions:
Homeostasis
Memory
Senses
Components:
Brain, Spinal Cord,
Nerves, receptors,
ganglia, tracts
Can be organized anatomically
and physiologically
Overview of the Nervous System
Anatomically:
Physiologically:
Afferent (Sensory)
Central:
Brain
receptors
Spinal Cord
Peripheral:
Nerves
Receptors
Efferent (Motor)
somatic
autonomic
Ganglia
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
There are 2 types
of cells in the
Nervous System:
1) Neurons
2) Neuroglial cells
The Neuron
A Typical Neuron
• Dendrites
• incoming
• Cell Body
• integration
• Axon
• output
• Axon Terminal
• release of neurotransmitter
Nodes of
Ranvier
Neurons can be categorized by the number of
processes and function
All or None
Spatial Summation
different all at once
Temporal summation
one many times in concession
The Biochemistry of the Synapse
The Neuroglial Cells
Neuroglial Cells
Saltatory Conduction
Tay Sachs
Multiple Sclerosis
Gray matter
White matter
Nervous System Terminology
Gray Matter – mostly nerve cell bodies.
White Matter – mostly myelinated axons.
Nerve fiber – a single axon of a neuron.
Nerve – a bundle of axon in the PNS.
Tract – a bundle of axon ins the CNS.
Ganglion – a cluster of nerve cell bodies in PNS.
Nucleus – gray matter in CNS with common function.
• Sulci (sulcus) – grooves on surface of cerebrum.
• Gyri (gyrus) – fold of brain tissue between sulci.
• Fissure - deep groove, separating hemispheres.
Three kinds of cerebral functional area:
1) Sensory areas
2) Association areas
3) Motor areas