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Let’s Build Brains MICRO 2007 Panel Computing Beyond Von Neumann Mikko H. Lipasti Associate Professor Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin – Madison http://www.ece.wisc.edu/~pharm Brains (1) Human brain Von Neumann machine Face recognition: <500ms Neurons are slow: Critical path is a handful of “gates” Fundamentally different computational model Made of shoddy, unreliable parts “…neurons are noisy, unreliable devices, … the nervous system averages over many cells to compensate for these shoddy components.” -Christof Koch We can build it. We have the technology. Dec. 3, 2007 MICRO’-40 Panel: Computing Beyond Von Neumann 2 Brains (2) Human neocortex: ~20B neurons, ~200T synapses Physiologically homogenous Hypothesis: runs common algorithm Apply architecture 101? Abstraction layers Let’s Hierarchy and replication Build Scientific understanding incomplete Several plausible hypotheses Brains! Difficult to study brains in situ Building leads to understanding [Anant’s keynote] Synthetic artifacts much easier to study Dec. 3, 2007 MICRO’-40 Panel: Computing Beyond Von Neumann 3