* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download WORLD WAR II - Cloudfront.net
World War II and American animation wikipedia , lookup
Fascism in Europe wikipedia , lookup
Axis powers wikipedia , lookup
Nazi views on Catholicism wikipedia , lookup
Technology during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Consequences of Nazism wikipedia , lookup
Aftermath of World War II wikipedia , lookup
World War II by country wikipedia , lookup
British propaganda during World War II wikipedia , lookup
Western betrayal wikipedia , lookup
Consequences of the attack on Pearl Harbor wikipedia , lookup
Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
Anglo-German Naval Agreement wikipedia , lookup
End of World War II in Europe wikipedia , lookup
German–Soviet Axis talks wikipedia , lookup
Foreign relations of the Axis powers wikipedia , lookup
American Theater (World War II) wikipedia , lookup
New Order (Nazism) wikipedia , lookup
Economy of Nazi Germany wikipedia , lookup
European theatre of World War II wikipedia , lookup
Allies of World War II wikipedia , lookup
The War That Came Early wikipedia , lookup
Appeasement wikipedia , lookup
WORLD WAR II – PART ONE Vocabulary 1. Dictator – leader who is not elected by the people and dominates his/her country’s government 2. Democracy – A form of government where the people choose their leaders through elections 3. Appeasement - Giving in to someone’s demands to avoid war 4. Isolationism – The belief in the importance of staying out of other countries’ business. 5. United Nations – an international organization of countries started after World War II. 6. Offensive – a military expansion Causes of WWII in Europe 1. Failure of the Treaty of Versailles 2. Failure of the League of Nations 3. Rise of Dictators in Europe & Japan 4. Hitler’s Offensive in Europe (Hitler’s desire to expand German territory) Quick Quiz 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Define Isolationism Define Democracy Define Dictator Define Holocaust What were the FOUR causes of WWII in Europe? 1. Failure of the Treaty of Versailles • The Treaty Placed the blame on Germany for WWI • Demands were too harsh on Germany – $33 Billion in Reparations-payments and transfers of property/equipment – Eliminate Air Force and Navy – Limit military to 100,000 – Give up colonies and land • The Treaty was a failure because Germany violated its terms to rebuild its Military and stopped paying reparations 2. Failure of the League of Nations • US did not join League • 1931 – Japan took control of Manchuria and was condemned by the League so… They quit • Hitler quit the League in 1933 and broke Treaty of Versailles • Mussolini took over Ethiopia in 1936, also violating the Treaty of Versailles and the League’s demands 3. The Rise of Dictators • League of Nations tried setting up democracies in Europe after World War I • HOWEVER… Economic and Social Problems occurred and people turned to dictators to solve problems • Adolf Hitler – Germany • Joseph Stalin – Soviet Union • Hideki Tojo – Japan • Benito Mussolini - Italy 4. Hitler’s Offensive (military expansion) Hitler’s Offensive (The Origins) • Germany was looking for someone to blame for their problems • Hitler brought rise to the Nazi Party • By 1933, Hitler was named Chancellor of Germany • Hitler planned to create a “supreme race” and take over Europe Hitler’s Offensive (The Main Event) • 1936 – Germany took over the Rhineland (part of France) • 1938 – Germany took over Austria and demanded the German speaking parts of Czechoslovakia (the Sudetenland) • Munich Agreement: France and Britain agreed to Hitler’s takeover of Sudetenland (as long as Germany promised to not invade Poland) – Example of Appeasement • Soviet Union: Hitler and Stalin sign a “friendship pact” Quick Quiz 1. 2. 3. 4. Name THREE reasons that the Treaty of Versailles failed Name THREE reasons that the League of Nations failed Why do you think that dictators come to power? Name FOUR dictators (and the countries they led) that came to power in Europe and Japan. 5. What did Hitler do in 1936? 1938? 6. Explain the Munch Agreement. How is this an example of appeasement? World War II Begins • Germany invaded Poland on September 1st 1939 • France and England declared war on Germany • By 1940, Germany invaded Denmark, Netherlands, and France, and more.. • Great Britain was next… The Blitzkrieg – Lightning Warfare • An important German tactic of war was The Blitzkrieg or lighting war • German planes would bombard the target to create confusion and disrupt communication • Tanks and infantry would be sent in to trap enemies • Enemies would be encircled and eliminated • Based on the elements of speed and surprise Japan’s Rise • By 1937, Japan had invaded China, Korea and parts of the USSR and French Indochina • Entered “Tripartite Pact” with Germany and Italy • These 3 countries formed the Axis Powers by September 27, 1940 The road to U.S. involvement in WWII 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. American Isolationism Neutrality Act of 1939 Building of US Military Lend-Lease Act The Atlantic Charter Shoot on Sight Japanese Imperialism and the Attack on Pearl Harbor Quick Quiz 1. How did WWII begin? What did Germany do? When? 2. Who declared War on Germany? 3. Briefly explain the Blitzkrieg 4. What countries was Japan invading during this time? 5. Who was in the “Tripartite Pact”? What was this pact called later? 6. Explain the EIGHT steps on the road to U.S. involvment in WWII 1. Examples of American Isolationism • Kellogg-Briand Pact – Signed by 62 nations – Said that war would not be used as national policy • Nye Committee Findings on WWI – U.S. was dragged into WWI by “merchants of death” – Led to strong anti-war feeling in U.S. • Neutrality Acts of 1935,1936, 1937 – Passed by Congress beginning in 1935 – Outlawed arms sales and loans to warring nations including civil wars 2. Neutrality Act of 1939 • Only sounded “neutral” • Key piece of Act was the.. • Cash-and-Carry Policy – Nations at war could buy US arms – Must pay cash and carry them on own ships • Mostly benefited France and Britain 3. Building U.S. Defenses • 1940 Congress boosted defense spending • Selective Training and Service Act – 1st peacetime draft – Age 21 – 35 had to register – 1 million were drafted for 1-year service 4. Lend-Lease Act • 1940 – Britain ran out of cash • Lend or lease arms – “Any country whose defense was vital to the United States” • Lend-Lease Act passed March 1941 – Immediately began helping Great Britain – June 1941 – Sent aid to Soviet Union 5. Atlantic Charter • Secret meeting between Churchill (Britain) and Roosevelt (US) on USS Augusta • Agreement made – both countries will support: – – – – – Collective Security Disarmament Self-determination Economic cooperation Freedom of the Seas • Was the beginnings of the United Nations 6. Shoot on Sight • German Policy of attacking U.S. ships in the Atlantic. • Four ships attacked in 1941 alone • Roosevelt Responds – “America has been attacked. The shooting has started. And history has recorded who fired the first shot.” 7. Japanese Imperialism • Japanese Imperialism – Invaded Manchuria in 1937 – Invaded French Indochina – Only U.S. in their way • US Responded – Cut off trade including oil – Japan needed oil to keep going • November 5, 1941 – Tojo orders Japanese military to plan for attack 7. The Attack on Pearl Harbor • Dec. 7, 1941 • 180 Japanese war planes • 6 aircraft carriers • Killed 2,403 Americans less than 100 Japanese • Damaged 21 ships and over 300 planes Pearl Harbor before the Attack The United States Enters WWII • Roosevelt immediately declared war on Japan (with the approval of congress) • Italy and Germany immediately declared war on America • Axis Powers- Italy, Germany, and Japan • Allied Powers- Britain, Soviet Union, United States (France) Quick Quiz Explain THREE facts about EACH part of the road from Isolationism to US involvement in World War II Road to World Important Information/ War II Facts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7