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The Control of the Nazis • Radios and newspapers were strictly controlled by the Nazis – Germans read and hear only what Nazis want. • Books with anti-Nazi ideals were burned in public bonfires • Teachers required to be part of Nazi party • Students recruited to join the Hitler Youth Movement • Priests that preach anti-Nazi ideals thrown in prison Hitler’s Anti-Semitism • Once in power, Hitler begins the widespread persecution of Jewish people • Jews banned from government jobs, teaching, banking, broadcasting, newspapers and entertainment • Jews banned from many shops and public owned buildings. • Nazis stood outside Jewish-owned stores and threatened customers Nuremberg Laws 1935 • Laws take away citizenship and civil rights of Jews • Illegal for Jews to marry non-Jews • Jews can’t go to public schools, own land, associate with non-Jews, go to parks, libraries, banks or museums • Those who could, ESCAPED from Germany – among those that escaped was: Albert Einstein Nuremberg Rally, 1937 Why War Again?? • Beginning in early 1930s, Germany, Italy and Japan all began campaigns to acquire territory • Alleviated depression in their countries by military buildup • Other nations, burned out by WWI, reluctant to stop them Japan’s Imperialism • 1931: Manchuria • 1933: storms out of League of Nations • 1937: invades China • 1938: at war with China • 1940: Axis Pact with Germany and Italy • 1941: Pearl Harbor attack Rape of Nanking, 1937 • Full-scale Japanese invasion of China • In systematic attacks on port city after surrender, 300,000 civilians killed; 80,000 women raped Policy of Appeasement Appeasement – willingness to surrender to an aggressors’ demands to avoid war How was it used prior to World War II? – Acceptance that Hitler could not be stopped and needed to be negotiated with (even at the expense of the smaller independent countries) – Accepted because of sympathy and guilt felt by Britain and USA of unjust Treaty of Versailles Reality – Blindness to true nature of Hitler’s agenda program for Eastern Europe – Irony= policy used to avoid war but empowered Hitler to continue his aggressive campaign . The only way to stop Hitler was to declare war. STEPS TO WAR How did World War II begin? How did appeasement contribute to World War II? Quotes