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Preparation for War Chapter 26, Lesson 1 Dictators Europe experienced the depression before and during the 1930’s as well Social and economic problems in Europe brought different outcomes Germany, Italy, and Japan fall under the control of Dictators Mussolini and Fascism in Italy Mussolini outlaws other political parties Fascists believe the state is more important than the individual Fascists believe that military power and war are good for a nation Hitler and Nazism in Germany Germans do not understand how they lost WWI They are upset with the Treaty of Versailles Germany establishes a democracy after WWI Hitler and Nazism in Germany Hitler criticizes democracy and blames problems of Germany on communists and Jews 1933 – Hitler becomes chancellor and the Nazi party wins a majority of seats in Parliament Nazi party quickly destroys democracy and individual freedoms Jews lose their citizenship (Nuremberg Laws) Hitler’s nickname: “The Fuhrer” (the leader) Hitler and Nazism in Germany German economy falls apart in 1923 Inflation – steady rise in prices of goods The new government is criticized for being weak National Socialism German Workers Party opposes the government Adolf Hitler is the head of the party Fascism in Spain Spain is in civil war in 1936 Pro-Democracy vs. Fascists This becomes a test for fascist gov’t in Europe Italy sends troops/Germany sends bombers Communist Russia supports the Anti-Fascists, and British, French, and American volunteers join the anti-fascists Franco and the Fascists win in 1939 Japan Establishes Control in Asia Japan is also hurt by the depression Japanese industry needed coal, oil, and iron Japan could not grow enough rice to feed its people Radical dictators come to power Seize Manchuria from China (rich in coal, iron) 1937 – Japan invades China America Views Problems in Europe American wants no part of European problems Depression still ongoing Memories of WWI U.S. passes laws in the 1930’s preventing the sale of arms or lending money to countries at war Roosevelt keeps a close eye on Europe and keeps Americans aware of European problems He is accused of wanting to start a war