Download AGGRESSION, APPEASEMENT, AND WAR

AGGRESSION,
APPEASEMENT, AND WAR
~THE AXIS POWERS
~HITLER’S PUSH TOWARDS WAR
~SPANISH CIVIL WAR
?? WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ??
 1.) Western Democracies adopted this policy
in dealing with the aggressions of Hitler?
 2.) How does Hitler first defy the Treaty of
Versailles?
 3.) Please name the event and date that will
begin World War II.
Dictators Challenge WORLD PEACE
 Rise of Dictators in Europe
 Benito Mussolini (1922)
 Adolf Hitler (1933)
 Japan challenges League of
Nations
 Invaded Manchuria (1931) and took
parts of China (1937).
 Withdrew from the “LEAGUE”.
 Japan is led by their military
 General Hideki Tojo
 Emperor Hirohito
In 1931, Japan
~Japaninvades
invades China in 1937,
marching into French Indochina by
and claims 1940.
Manchuria.
~In Europe, Adolf Hitler's armies now
occupy much of central Europe,
including France. The world is at war.
Italy seeks to
create ‘ROMAN LAKE’
 Mussolini wants to show
off “Modern Military”.
 Invades ETHIOPIA, in
Northern Africa. 1935
 Met with resistance, but
Italy captures this country.
 Haile Selassie asks for help
from the LEAGUE.
 LEAGUE votes on for
sanctions.
 League of Nations is
powerless to stop this.
HITLER AND APPEASEMENT
 APPEASEMENT – “Giving in to the demands of an
aggressor.”
 Aims to defy Treaty of Versailles.
 Builds up German military. **1st violation**
 Placed troops in “demilitarized” RHINELAND.
**Violation**
 German people adore Hitler’s actions!!
 “LEAGUE” does….nothing.
 APPEASEMENT policy
WHY Appeasement. . . .why?
 France -- had domestic issues.
 Needed British support to take on Hitler
 Britain – No desire for conflict or war.
 Actions justified b/c Versailles was too
harsh.
 Fascism, not as evil as Soviet
COMMUNISM!!
 Pacifism – Opposition to war.
 United States – Isolationism
 Neutrality Acts
 No sale of arms to any country at war.
 LAND-LEASE ACT – Provide war materials
to Britain.
ROME – BERLIN – TOKYO Axis
 Hitler and Mussolini see the democracies as being
weak.
 Now is their time….
 Form alliance of Italy, Germany, and Japan.
 Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
 They will be known as the AXIS POWERS
Civil War in Espana -- 1936
 Spain controlled by an unpopular
liberal Republic.
 Conservative General Francisco
Franco leads NATIONALISTS in a
bloody revolt.
 1936 CIVIL WAR -- Nationalists vs.
Loyalists
 Hitler & Mussolini give help to
Franco.
 “Dress rehearsal” for German
military
 1939 Franco establishes a fascist
government in Spain.
From Mein Kampf
 “If the (Nazi) movement really
wants to be (honored) by history
with a great mission for our
nation…it must find the courage to
gather our people and their strength
for an advance … that will lead this
people from its present restricted
living space to new land and soil.”
Hitler’s Aggression Continues
 1938 – Hitler set to begin the
ANSCHLUSS
 Union of Austria and Germany.
 Austrian chancellor forced
to appoint NAZI’s in key
cabinet positions.
 German army sent to
“preserve order”.
 Hitler makes a speech as
ruler of Austria from
imperial palace.
 VIOLATION of Versailles, but
the west does NOTHING!
The CZECH Crisis
 Hitler sought his next victim,
Czechoslovakia.
 Claim 3 million “ETHNIC
GERMANS” live in the
Sudetenland.
 Only two democracies left in
Eastern Europe.
 Hitler – ANNEX Sudetenland.
 Munich Conference –1938
 Britain and France choose to
APPEASE Hitler .
 Hitler says, “NO further
demands.”
“Peace for our time…”
 British Prime Minister
Neville Chamberlain,
“Conference had saved
Czech. From destruction
and Europe from
Armageddon.”
 French President
Edouard Daladier, “The
fools, why are they
cheering.”
They chose dishonor; they
will have WAR.”
 March 1939, Hitler takes rest
of Czechoslovakia.
 August 1939, Nazi-Soviet
 Hitler and Stalin agree to non-
aggression.
 Hitler feared communism/Stalin
fears fascism.
 Hitler did not want to fight both
the west and Soviet Union.
An easy path to Poland
 September 1, 1939 –
German forces invade
Poland.
 Two days later, Britain and
France honor commitment
to Poland…. DECLARE WAR!
 Fear of another war, led to
Appeasement.
 This war would be more
horrendous than anyone
could imagine.
League
of
League of
Nations
NO
Nations NO
ACTIONS
ACTIONS
?? WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW ??
 1.) Western Democracies adopted this policy
in dealing with the aggressions of Hitler?
 2.) How does Hitler first defy the Treaty of
Versailles?
 3.) Please name the event and date that will
begin World War II.