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The Rise of Hitler Adolf Hitler How did this little boy… …turn into this man?!?! Childhood • Born: 4/20/1889 in Austria • 1 of 6 children • Alois Schickelgruber Hitler - Jewish? - very strict - died when Adolf was 13 • Klara Hitler - loving and affectionate - died when Adolf was 18 Education • Attended a Benedictine monastery school – Member of the choir • Wanted to become an artist – Father disproves – High school dropout – Attempted to get into the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts Years in Vienna • Moved to Austria to pursue love of art • Again denied by Academy • Became a homeless drifter Impact of Vienna • Anti-Semitic mayor • Nationalism • Politics Military Service • Left Austria to avoid mandatory military service • Voluntarily served Germany in WWI World War I • Excited to fight for Germany – Regimental messenger • Rose to corporal Military Record • Awarded Iron Cross twice – Highest military honor • Blinded by gas attack towards end German Loss in WW I • Devastated by German surrender • Appalled by anti-war sentiment • Believed in anti-war conspiracy – Jews and Marxists. • Military didn’t lose the war – politicians (mostly Jews) did Life after WW I • Depression • Became an undercover agent – Looking for Marxists • Lectured on dangers of Communism and Jews German Worker’s Party • Investigated this group • Ended up giving a speech • Asked to become a member NAZI Party is Formed • Placed ads in antiSemitic newspapers • Changed name to National Socialist German Worker’s Party (NAZIS) Party Platform 25 Points: • Revoke Versailles Treaty • Revoke civil rights of Jews Beer Hall Putsch • October 30, 1923 • Rally in Munich beer hall – declared revolution against government • Failed – Hitler imprisoned • Treason Trial and Jail • Used trial to speak about NAZI platform • Increased popularity • Sentenced to five years • served 9 months Mein Kampf - Jews are evil - Germans were superior race - Dislike of Communism and Democracy - Need to conquer Russia Legal Rise to Power • Popularity increases • Spoke about making Germany great again • Nazi Party: – 1930 = 18% of vote – 1932 = 30% of vote – Hitler becomes Chancellor in 1933 Appeal of Hitler • Economic depression with hyper-inflation • WWI hero – discussed bringing glory back to the “Fatherland” • Promised to end communist threat in Germany • Blamed Jews for Germany’s problems – not the German people • Excellent public speaker Strong Arm Tactics • “Brownshirts” or SA (Stormtroopers) • Put down opposition parties – Threatened/beat up Jews and anti-Nazi voters • 400,000 by 1932 Dictator • 1933 - all parties except Nazi party outlawed • Censorship • Indoctrination • Secret Police • Dehr Fuhrer (the leader) Absolute Power • German economy improving • No political opposition • 1st concentration camp opened in 1933 • Began rearming German Army for expansion • “I have issued the command - and I'll have anybody who utters but one word of criticism executed by a firing squad - that our war aim does not consist in reaching certain lines, but in the physical destruction of the enemy. Accordingly, I have placed my death-head formations in readiness - for the present only in the East - with orders to them to send to death mercilessly and without compassion, men, women, and children of Polish derivation and language. Only thus shall we gain the living space (lebensraum) which we need. Who, after all, speaks today of the annihilation of the Armenians?"