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Managing Information and Technology Exploring Business Class 11 Tuesday 10/4/11 Data V. Information • Data = unprocessed facts • Information = data that have been processed, or turned into some useful form. Information System [IS] • “…the combination of technologies, procedures, and people who collect and distribute the information needed to make decisions and coordinate and control companywide activities.” Differing Information Needs Top Managers • Planning • Setting Objectives • Strategic Decisions Middle Managers • Allocate Resources • Oversee Activities First-Line Managers • Supervise Employees • Oversee Daily Operations • Coordinate Activities Information Needs and Flows Enterprise Resource Planning [ERP] System Data and Databases Databases – electronic collection of related data Data Warehouse – centralized database that stores data from several databases (for easy analysis) Data Mining – technique used to search & analyze data to reveal patterns, trends and predict future behavior • Customer Behavior • Customer Relationship Management Data Mining Process Types Of Information Systems Operations Support • Transaction Processing • Process Control • Design & Production Management Support Decision Support Executive Information Artificial Intelligence • Expert • Face-Recognition Design And Production Systems Computer-Aided Design [CAD] Computer-Aided Manufacturing [CAM] Computer-Integrated Manufacturing – [CIM] integrates various operations including CAD/CAM with various functions from order taking to final shipment. Flexible Manufacturing [FMS] can be reprogrammed to prduce a variety of products Management Support Systems • Management Information Systems [MIS]extracts data from database to reports, etc. • Decision Support systems [DSS] – interactive system that relies on infroamtion from multiple sources fro decision making • Executive Information Systems – provides senior managemetn with strategic information • Artificial Intelligence [AI] – mimics human behavior. Face recognition, etc. • Expert systems – mimics the judgement of experts Decision Support Systems Data Communication Networks • “…transmit digital data… from one computer to another using...wired and wireless communication channels.” Internet • Internet Service Providers • World Wide Web/Browsers Intranets Extranets Intranets/Extranets • Intranet – “…a private network using… technologies… available only to employees....” • Firewall – Software that controls access to an Intranet • Extranet – “…intranet… partially available to certain parties outside the organization.” Extranet E-Commerce Purposes: presenting information, selling products, distributing digital products, acquiring goods and services General Terminology: B2C = Business to Consumer – retial trade B2B = Business to Business C2B = Consumer to Business – Priceline C2C = Consumer to Consumer - eBay Business Uses Of The Internet Presenting Information Selling Products Distributing Digital Products Acquiring Goods/Services Virtual Company Electronic Data Interchange & ValueAdded Security Issues In Electronic Communication Data Security Malicious Programs Spoofing Revenue Theft Risks to Customers