Download Document

Backus Naur Grammars and
Augmented Transition
Networks
By David Salley
December 1st, 2005
Definitions
Cybernetics -- The study of communication and
control processes in biological, mechanical,
and electronic systems and the comparison of
these processes in biological and artificial
systems.
Artificial Intelligence -- performance by a
computer system of tasks normally requiring
human intelligence.
Definitions
Expert System -- a computer program that
applies artificial-intelligence methods to
problem-solving
Algorithm -- A step-by-step problem-solving
procedure, especially an established recursive
computational procedure for solving a problem
in a finite number of steps.
Famous AIs & Expert Systems







ELIZA -- a Rogerian psychotherapist
PARRY -- the paranoid
CASSIE – reads stories
DARPA – routes supplies
ALVINN – drives a car
DEEP BLUE – plays chess
CLIPPIE – Microsoft office help
Backus Naur Grammar
sentence :: noun_phrase verb_phrase ;
noun_phrase :: [ART.][ADJ.]* NOUN;
verb_phrase :: VERB [ADVERB]
| | VERB [noun_phrase] ;
Backus Naur Grammar
expression :: expression ‘+’ product
| | expression ‘-’ product
| | product ;
product :: product ‘*’ product
| | product ‘/’ product
| | factor ;
factor :: IDENTIFIER | | CONSTANT
| | ‘(‘ expression ‘)’ ;
Backus Naur Grammar
program :: BEGIN statement_list END ;
statement_list :: statement_list statement | | ;
statement :: IF expression THEN statement_list
[ELSE statement_list ] END_IF
| | WHILE expression DO statement_list
END_WHILE;
| | IDENTIFIER ‘=‘ expression
| | etc.
Backus Naur Grammar












1. <blazon> : : <field> <charge-list>
2. <field> : : <division> <background> AND <background> |
<background>
3. <division> : : <field-division> [<partition>] | <line-division>
[<partition>]
4. <field-division> : : BARRY | CHECKY | VAIRY | etc.
5. <line-division> : : PER BEND | PER FESS | PER PALE | etc.
6. <partition> : : DOVETAILED | EMBATTLED | POTENTY | etc.
7. <background> : : <tincture> | <color> <treatment> <metal> |
<metal><treatment> <color>
8. <tincture> : : <color> | <metal> | <fur>
9. <color> : : AZURE | GULES | PURPURE | VERT | SABLE
10. <metal> : : ARGENT | OR
11. <fur> : : ERMINE | VAIR | PEAN | etc.
12. <treatment> : : FRETTY | MAILLY | MASONED | etc.
Augmented Transition Network
Augmented Transition Network
Questions ?
Thank you!