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Engineering Design
Product Design Process
The four C’s of Design
Creativity:
Requires the creation of something that has not existed before
or not existed in the designers mind before
Complexity:
Requires decisions on many variables and parameters
Choice:
Requires making choices between many possible solutions at
all levels, from basic concepts to smallest detail
Compromise:
Requires balancing multiple and sometimes conflicting
requirements
Static vs. Dynamic Products
Static:
Changes in design concept take place over a long period
of time; rather incremental changes occur at the subsystem
and component levels
Automobiles, Refrigerators, Dishwashers
Dynamic:
Change the basic design concept fairly frequently as the
underlying technology changes
Computers, Telecommunications, Software
The design Process
General
Information
Specific
Information
Design
Process
Outcome
NO
YES
Evaluate
Scientific vs. Design Method
Existing
Knowledge
State of the
Art
Scientific
Curiosity
Identification
of need
Hypothesis
Logical
Analysis
Proof
Scientific Method
Conceptualization
Feasibility
Analysis
Production
Design Method
Problem Solving Methodology
Definition of the Problem
Gathering of Information
Generation of Alternative Solutions
Evaluation of Alternatives
Communication of the Results
Considerations of good Design
Design Requirements
Life Cycle Issues
Regulatory and Social Issues
I. Conceptual Design
Define Problem:
Problem Statement
Benchmarking
Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
Product Design Specification (PDS)
I. Conceptual Design
Gather Information:
Internet
Patents
Trade
Literature
I. Conceptual Design
Concept Generation:
Brainstorming
Functional
Decomposition
Morphological Chart
I. Conceptual Design
Evaluation of Concepts:
Pugh Concept Selection
Decision Matrix
II. Embodiment Design
Product Architecture:
Arrangement of Physical Elements to
carry out Function
II. Embodiment Design
Configuration Design:
Preliminary Selection of Parts and Materials
Modeling and Sizing of Parts
II. Embodiment Design
Parametric Design:
Robust Design
Tolerances
Final Dimensions
Design for Manufacturability (DFM)
III. Detail Design
Detail Design:
Detailed Drawings
Detailed Specification
IV. Planning for Manufacture
Designing Specific Tools and Fixtures
Specifying the Production Plant and Production Lines
Planning the Work Schedule and Inventory Control
Planning the Quality Assurance System
Establishing the Standard Time and Labor Costs
Establishing the System Information Flow
V. Planning for Distribution
Shipping Package
Documentation
Shelf Life
Warehouses
VI. Planning for Use
Maintenance
Reliability
Product Safety
Convenience in Use (Human Factors)
Aesthetic Appeal
Economy of Operation
Duration of Service
VII. Planning for Retirement
Useful Life
Deterioration
Technical Obsolescence
Fashion or Taste
Environmental Issues
Industrial Ecology Green Design
RFI
Power Consumption
Marketing
Marketing Creates and Manages the company’s
Relationship with its Customers
Marketing Translates Customer Needs into Product
Requirements
Marketing Defines Support Services
Marketing Studies How Customers Make Buying
Decisions
Marketing and Sales are Different
Marketing
Early Adopters
Mainstream Adopters
Laggards
Market Research
Define the Market Segment
Identify the Early Adopters
Identify Competitive Products
Establish the Market Size ($)
Determine the Breadth of Product Line
Determine the Product Price / Volume Relationship
Establish the Customer Needs and Wants