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Darwin’s Theory of
Evolution
The History of Evolution
• Evolution is defined as _________ over time
• The theory that all organisms on Earth are
related by __________ __________ and that
they have changed over time (adapted)
mostly because of __________ __________.
• __________ __________ is one of the most
famous scientists associated with the
theory of evolution
Darwin’s interest
• Darwin’s observations and research played
an important role in the development of the
theory of evolution that is still __________
__________ today
• During his voyage on the U.S.S. Beagle, he
would collect specimens from the different
areas he visited
• He was fascinated to see the variety in the
different plants and animals that he studied
He did notice one
similarity:
All of the organisms he observed
were well suited (well matched) to
their _______________
Adaptation
• An adaptation is any __________
____________ that increases an organisms
chance for __________
• Adaptations can be __________ or
__________ and can be passed from
generation to generation
• The process of becoming __________
__________ to the environment
Different types of adaptations:
• Genetic adaptation – always genetically
controlled (ex: 5 fingers, giraffe’s neck)
Different types of adaptations:
• Physiological adaptation – change in the
reactions; can be genetic or not (ex:
acclimation to altitude or climate, coat
color change during seasons)
Different types of adaptations:
• Behavioral adaptation – change in
behavior; can be genetic or not (ex:
chimps using sticks to catch termites,
bears eating garbage)
Survival of the fittest
• The ability of an individual to __________
and __________ is called __________
• Adaptations that help an animal become
more fit to __________ and __________
more ____________ are commonly selected
• This is known as __________ ___ ___
__________
Survival of the fittest is
also known as __________
__________
Over time, natural selection
will change the ____________
of a population, increasing
the __________ of that
population
Proof? You want proof?
• Evidence of evolution through adaptation
and natural selection can be found in:
– the __________ __________
– ____________ ____________ (different animals
__________ similarly because of the same
_______________ factors)
– _______________ structures
– Similarities in early development of ___________
TODAY…
• Evolution is widely accepted by the scientific
community
• Theories are constantly changing based on new
evidence (mitochondrial DNA, rapid evolution…)
• Evolution is still occurring
• Many species are becoming extinct because they
cannot evolve as fast as humans are changing the
environment.
• Humans are “meddling” with evolution through
artificial selection (fruit, dogs…)