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Early Speculation and Theory • ORGANIC LIFE beneath the shoreless waves Was born and nurs'd in Ocean's pearly caves; First forms minute, unseen by spheric glass, Move on the mud, or pierce the watery mass; These, as successive generations bloom, New powers acquire, and larger limbs assume; Whence countless groups of vegetation spring, And breathing realms of fin, and feet, and wing. (Erasmus Darwin,1802) Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) • Renowned English medical doctor, poet, inventor, and naturalist. • Also, Charles Darwin’s grandfather • In Zoonomia (1794-1796) and Temple of Nature (1802), offered speculative theory of evolution • Did not clearly articulate the theory of natural selection, though presented basic ideas such as: – unity of organic life – importance of heredity, and – struggle of existence for the evolutionary process