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Transcript 
Chapter 19
Optical
Instruments
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
PowerPoint® Lectures for
College Physics: A Strategic Approach, Second Edition
19 Optical Instruments
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-2
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-3
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-4
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-5
The Camera
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-14
Focusing a Camera
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-15
Digital Cameras
A digital image is made up
of millions of pixels.
A CCD chip records the
digital image.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-16
The Human Eye
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-17
Focusing and Accommodation
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-18
Refractive Power
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-19
Hyperopia
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-20
Myopia
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-21
Apparent Size
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-22
The Magnifier
Largest angular size
without a magnifier is
h
q0 »
25 cm
With a magnifier, the angular
size is
h
q0 »
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
f
The magnification is thus
q 25 cm
M=
=
q0
f
Slide 19-23
The Microscope
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-24
The Microscope
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-25
The Telescope
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-26
Color and Dispersion
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-27
Rainbows
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-28
Lens Aberrations: Spherical Aberration
The Hubble space
telescope originally
suffered from
spherical aberration.
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-29
Chromatic Aberration
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-30
Resolution and the Wave Nature of Light
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-31
Rayleigh’s Criterion
Two objects are resolvable if their
angular separation is greater than
1.22l
q 1=
D
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-32
The Resolution of a Microscope
Numerical aperture NA = nsin f0
Resolving power RP = dmin
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
0.61l0
=
NA
Slide 19-33
Optical and Electron Micrographs of e. coli
© 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Slide 19-34
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