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Chapter 19 Optical Instruments © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. PowerPoint® Lectures for College Physics: A Strategic Approach, Second Edition 19 Optical Instruments © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-2 © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-3 © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-4 © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-5 The Camera © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-14 Focusing a Camera © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-15 Digital Cameras A digital image is made up of millions of pixels. A CCD chip records the digital image. © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-16 The Human Eye © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-17 Focusing and Accommodation © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-18 Refractive Power © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-19 Hyperopia © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-20 Myopia © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-21 Apparent Size © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-22 The Magnifier Largest angular size without a magnifier is h q0 » 25 cm With a magnifier, the angular size is h q0 » © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. f The magnification is thus q 25 cm M= = q0 f Slide 19-23 The Microscope © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-24 The Microscope © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-25 The Telescope © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-26 Color and Dispersion © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-27 Rainbows © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-28 Lens Aberrations: Spherical Aberration The Hubble space telescope originally suffered from spherical aberration. © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-29 Chromatic Aberration © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-30 Resolution and the Wave Nature of Light © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-31 Rayleigh’s Criterion Two objects are resolvable if their angular separation is greater than 1.22l q 1= D © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-32 The Resolution of a Microscope Numerical aperture NA = nsin f0 Resolving power RP = dmin © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 0.61l0 = NA Slide 19-33 Optical and Electron Micrographs of e. coli © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Slide 19-34