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Rocks
Igneous Rock
Origin: Magma from within the
Earth cools to form igneous rock.
Extrusive: Magma that reaches the
surface, becomes lava and
cools quickly.
Typically this type of igneous rock is basalt,
a rock with very small crystals
Intrusive: Magma that cools slowly within
the earth.
Typically this type of igneous rock is granite,
a rock with larger crystals.
Sedimentary Rock
Origin:
• Pieces of eroded and weathered rock, of various sizes
and called sediments, are carried by water and
deposited in the oceans, seas or lakes.
• Once deposited, the pieces are buried by more
sediment. Over millions of years, these sediments are
compacted and cemented together to form rock.
• Eventually these sedimentary rocks are exposed by
erosion and weathering and/or uplift from plate tectonics.
Metamorphic Rock
• Origin: When igneous or sedimentary
rock comes into contact with heat, and in
some cases certain chemicals, it changes,
or “morphs” into different rock called
metamorphic rock.