Download Chapter 11: Geologic Structures

Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
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What Causes Rocks to Bend and Break?
How Do Rocks Deform?
How Do We Measure and Record Geologic Structures?
What do Folded Rocks Tell Us
About Geologic Processes?
What are Fractures and Faults?
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
The Effects of Compressional and
Tensional Stress on Silly Putty
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Figure 11.2
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Shear Stress can be Modelled by
Shearing a Deck of Cards
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Figure 11.3
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Behaviour of Rocks with Increasing
Stress and Strain
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Figure 11.4
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Strike, Angle of Dip, and
Direction of Dip
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Figure 11.7
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Geologic Map and Cross-Section of an
Area with Three Sedimentary Formations
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Figure 11.9
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Two Anticlines and a Syncline Illustrating
the Axial Planes,
Hinge Lines, and Fold Limbs
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Figure 11.11
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Folded Rock (Block Diagram)
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Figure 11.12
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Plunging Folds: Anticline on Left and
Right, Syncline in Centre
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Figure 11.13
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
(A) Structural Dome
(B) Structural Basin
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Figure 11.15
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
(A) Strata Before Folding; (B) Open Folds;
(C) Isoclinal Folds; (D) Overturned
Anticline; (E) Recumbent Folds
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Figure 11.17
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Joint Sets
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Figure 11.19
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Fault in Quaternary Sediments of the
Rouge Valley, Ontario
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Photo by N. Eyles
Figure 11.20
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
(A) Dip-Slip Movement
(B) Strike-Slip Movement
(C) Oblique-Slip Movement
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Figure 11.21
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Relationship Between Hanging Wall
Block and Footwall Block of a Fault
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Figure 11.22
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
(A) A Reverse Fault; (B) Area After
Erosion; (C) Thrust Fault Due to
Horizontal Compression
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Figure 11.25
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Mt. Yamnuska: Older, Resistant Paleozoic
Limestones Thrust from SW to NE, Over
Cretacous Sandstones & Shales
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Photo by N. Eyles
Figure 11.27
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Right-Lateral Strike-Slip Fault
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Figure 11.28
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Salt Domes may Form as Bed of Rock
Salt Loaded Unevenly by a Thick Wedge
of Sediment
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Box 11.1 – Figure 1
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
A Salt Dome
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Box 11.1 – Figure 2
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Oil and Gas are Concentrated or Trapped
in Hinge of Anticline. Gas and Oil Float
on Water in Porous Rock
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Box 11.2 – Figure 1
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Structures Other than
Anticlines that Trap Oil
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Box 11.2 – Figure 2
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Californian faults:
Red Active over Last 200 yrs; Blue
Active over Last 2 Million yrs
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Box 11.3 – Figure 1
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
(A) California & Mexico Before Faulting
(B) Opening of Gulf of California & San
Andreas Fault
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Box 11.3 – Figure 4
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Answers to Selected
Testing Your Knowledge
Questions
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10. A
19. B
11. A
12. C
13. C
14. C
15. E
16. B
17. B
18. B
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures
Additional Resources
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Student Resources
Student Online Learning Centre
The robust Student Edition of the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer features quizzes for
study and review, interactive exercises and animation, as well as additional boxed readings, searchable glossary, “Virtual
Vista” environments, suggestions for further reading, and much more!
Laboratory Manual
The Lab Manual to accompany Physical Geology and the Environment has been created as a resource for laboratory sessions
in physical geology, mirroring the "Inquiry-Based Approach" of the text. Structured on exercises and corresponding
background concepts, the lab manual contains student-friendly worksheets, and has been perforated for easy lab use.
Instructor Resources
Instructor Online Learning Centre
The OLC at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer includes a password-protected Web site for Instructors. The site offers
downloadable supplements and access to PageOut, the McGraw-Hill Ryerson Web site development centre.
Instructor’s Manual – The IM contains a chapter overview, list of changes per chapter, chapter learning objectives,
further information on boxed features, short and long discussion/essay questions, and details on additional readings
and resources outside the textbook.
Test Bank – Contains a bank of 40-60 multiple-choice and true/false questions per chapter.
Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation – This presentation system offers visual presentations that may be edited and
manipulated to fit a particular course format. They also contain selected solutions to the problem material.
Transparencies
A set of more than 200 transparencies tied to the text content are available for instructors.
Chapter 11: Geologic Structures