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Distribution of Water………. • Chemical description – – H2O (2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen) • This compound can exist as a solid, liquid or gas. • Pure water has a pH of 7, which is neither acidic nor basic. Distribution of Water………… • Water is called the “universal solvent” because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid. • Wherever water goes, it takes along valuable chemicals, minerals, and nutrients. Division of Water………… • 73% of Earth’s surface is covered by water which is not evenly distributed and most of it is unsuitable for drinking. • 97% is water is salt water found in our oceans. • 3% of water is freshwater. Division of Water………… • Of the 3%, 75% is frozen in polar ice caps. Division of Water………… • Another large percentage is found in watersheds – a region that collects runoff water that then becomes part of a river or a lake. Division of Water………… • A large amount of fresh water that you cannot see flows underground. The water located within the rocks below Earth’s surface is called groundwater. So…how much water is useable by humans? Uses include: drinking, personal hygiene, agriculture, fisheries, transportation, heating and cooling, manufacturing and many other purposes. Guesses ???? 10% 5% 30% 50% 20% If you guessed any of these amounts you are wrong. Amount of fresh water that is useable is only 1% ! Today’s Vocabulary • subsurface topography • Indian Ocean • Arctic Ocean • seamount • Atlantic Ocean • • • • coastal shelf Pacific Ocean coast slope mid-ocean ridge • trenches • plains