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Quiz Get out you ESRT and a piece of paper The following questions are from your ESRT. You’ll have a minute per question… Question 1 What is foliation? Question 2 What are the two types on Metamorphism? Question 3 How can you test if a rock is Marble or Quartzite? Question 4 I am a foliated metamorphic rock with a coarse texture made from high grade metamorphism. What am I? Answers What is foliation? What are the two types on Metamorphism? Contact and Regional How can you test if a rock is Marble or Quartzite? Foliation is the alignment of minerals Marble bubbles with acid and Quartzite doesn’t. I am a foliated metamorphic rock Gneiss SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Sedimentary rocks How are sedimentary rocks formed? What do sedimentary rocks look like? What do the characteristics tell us about the rock? What are sedimentary rocks used for? How do you use page 7 of the ESRT for sedimentary rocks? How are sedimentary rocks formed? Sedimentary rocks are formed through: 1. Erosion 2. Deposition 3. Compaction 4. Cementation …At the earth’s surface usually from other rocks. How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step one is: Erosion of elevated land such as mountains How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step two is: Deposition of the eroded material How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step three is: Compaction of buried sediment over time How are sedimentary rocks formed? Step four is: Cementation of the particles into a solid rock Many times sand is the glue! What do sedimentary rocks look like? Three types of sedimentary rocks 1.Clastic - sediments cemented together 2.Crystalline – Nonclastic (chemical) 3.Bioclastic - organic material What do sedimentary rocks look like? 1. 2. 3. 4. Clastic rocks are made of particles cemented together such as: Clay - shale Silt - siltstone Sand - sandstone Pebbles - conglomerate What do sedimentary rocks look like? Clay/silt sand sandstone shale What do sedimentary rocks look like? 1. 2. 3. Crystalline rocks are pure cement such as: Rock salt Rock gypsum Limestone (has fossils) Crystalline rocks formation These rocks from evaporation of sea water and chemical precipitation. What do sedimentary rocks look like? 1. 2. Biological (bioclastic) rocks are formed through organic remains such as: Coal Limestone (has fossils) What do characteristics tell us about the rock? Grain size is evidence of environment where rock formed Fossils give clues to past life and climate What do characteristics tell us about the rock? What do characteristics tell us about the rock? What are sedimentary rocks used for? How to use ESRT page 7 sedimentary rocks? Steps to ID a Sedimentary Rock Texture Clasitc, Crystalline or Bioclastic Grain size Composition What it looks like Fossils? Other features like ripple marks?