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Think Outside the Barrel Presented to: Sir Tasman Pasha Presented by: Shah Rukh Roll # Semester Session 07-22 BIT 3rd 2007—2011 Department of Computer Science, B.Z.University Multan BIO FUELS What are: Produced from organic matter or biomass. Which contains chemical energy. 1St generation get (Ethanol,Biodiesel ) from food crops. Ethanol from Sugars, grains etc. Biodiesel from vegetable oil, animal fats. 2nd generation get (Ethanol,Biodiesel) from non-food parts of crops.(stem,leavs etc) Compared with 1st generation they are helpful in mitigating climate changes. BIO FUELS Why are: Rising Oil Prices To enhance the farmers’ income. Job creation in rural areas. Its capacity to reduce GHG emission. etc. It is projected that bio fuels will meet 3.2% of world roadtransport fuel demand by 2030.(source:World Energy Outlook). BIO FUELS Primary Motives are: Climate change mitigation. Energy security Agriculture and rural development. BIO FUELS Can’t be made: Deforestation. Food and Water shortages. Rise in food prices. Diversion of food to fuel and rise in food prices is one of the challenges of bioenergy. According to a study in 2008 about 24% of US maize crop is used to produce ethanol. In European Union about 47% of vegetable oil is used to make biodiesel BIO FUELS The international community is facing difficulties in coping with challenges posed by the climate and bioenergy. On the one hand, climate change and the current bioenergy policies and practices. On the other hand, well-managed “2nd generation” biofules can contribute to a more sustainable energy future.