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ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
APPLICATIONS WORKSHOP
20-21 January 2004, ESTEC
Albert P H Goede
Objective of the Workshop
User Consultation on present and future
needs for atmosphere chemistry
observations
 Definition of Integrated Global Observation
System, notably the satellite component
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications
Climate
Change
Chemistry-climate
interactions, UTLS,
atmospheric composition & trends,
IPCC assessments
Montreal and Kyoto Protocol Monitoring and Verification
stratospheric ozone, surface UV,
GHG emissions, Policy
support
Troposphere
Cleansing power of
atmosphere/trend
Chemistry free troposphere
Air Pollution
CLRTAP (Convention Long-Range
Transport), EC directives on
air quality,
Policy support
Forecasts
ozone layer and surface UV
chemical weather, improvement of
NWP
aviation management
User input required on all 5 issues
listed
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User Needs and requirements (example, long
term record total ozone, regional forecast air
pollution etc, specify region/spatial
resolution/temporal resolution/ averages, list of
data products.)
User Segment (example, regional
environmental agency, weather service, climate
change agency etc)
Policy foundation (example, Kyoto, CLRTAP
etc)
Science review (what are the underlying
science issues, what do we know, what is still
uncertain, )
Strategy for Integrated Observation System
(What infra structure is there on ground, in
Working Group Composition
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WG 1Air Quality Monitoring (chair Boucher/rapporteur Monks)
ETCACC RIVM+NILU, ADEME, ITC, EMPA, EPA, GMESDaedalus, CERMES
WG 2 Montreal, Kyoto Protocol Monitoring (ch Barrie, rap Raes)
WMO, NILU, GMES-GATO, JRC-IES, RIVM-UV
WG 3 Climate Chemistry (chair van Weele, rapporteur Kerridge)
DLR-IAP, KNMI, JRC, KfA Julich, SPARC, research groups
WG 4 Tropospheric Chemistry (chair Bovensmann, rap Krol)
MPI-Hamburg, U Heidelberg, IGBP-IGAC, ACCENT, LISA,
other research groups
WG 5 Forecasting (chair Peuch, rapporteur Fishman)
Meteo-France, DWD, DMI, KNMI, INERIS, LISA, VITO
Application Areas
Global Oxidizing Capacity (mainly OH)
Global tropospheric O3 trends
Global long range transport of pollutants
Policy And Science foundation
Policy makers
Action taken (reduce emissions)
Observed Change, e.g. in tropospheric O3
Causes for the change
Scientists
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Differentiate requirements between
Trend monitoring
Analysis of the underlying Processes (Causes?)
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Policy and Science foundation (II)
Global Tropospheric O3
Kyoto (Greenhouse Gas)
Air quality (Constrain for the BL O3)
Oxidizing Capacity / Power / Efficiency
Kyoto (methane growth rate)
Post Montreal (HCFCs concentrations)
Global LRT
CLRTAP
User Needs
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Global Tropospheric O3 trends
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Climate Impacts (UTLS)
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Air Quality (PBL/FT)
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Horizontal Scale: 100 km…….20 km
Vertical Scale: 1km …….100m
Temporal ….. 3 days……3 hourly
Horizontal Scale: 50 km…….10 km
Vertical Scale: FT/PBL ……1km
Temporal ….. 6 hours (fronts)… hourly
Assimilation: less stringent constraints
GLOBAL COVERAGE
Over Decades (> 2 solar cycles)
Analysis of Causes :
Need additional data
Deposition
Strat/Trop Exchange
Photolysis Rates + Temperature
Hydrocarbons (VOC, natural) (Not in IGACO)!
CO
CH4
H2O
NOx (NO + NO2!)
CH2O
PAN…
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop ESTEC 20-21 January 20049
Oxidizing Capacity
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Trend in OH
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Globally <1%
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Regionally <5%
Integrated quantity (e.g. weighted with CH4 removal)
Indirect Methods like methyl Chloroform, IGAC-GHOST
Direct: via H2O, O3, NOx, CH4, CO, …..+model
p.m. BrO, NO3, ….
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop ESTEC 20-21 January 200410
Oxidizing Capacity
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Analysis of Causes:
Why is OH changing ---> process level
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Production:
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Loss:
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CO, CH4, Hydrocarbons, CH2O, O3, NO2, …
Related
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O3, NO + NO2, H2O2, ROOH, photolysis,
Temperature, H2O
HO2, CH3O2,
Relevant Scales…..(IGACO)
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop ESTEC 20-21 January 200411
Oxidizing Capacity (cont…)
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Modelling is needed:
Emissions (NOx, Biomass Burning)
Surface Albedo, J-values, Aerosols, …
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop ESTEC 20-21 January 200412
Long Range Transport
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CO, NOx/NOy, O3, POPs, Hg
Scales:
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Horizontal Scale: 50 km…….10 km
Vertical Scale: FT/PBL/UTLS ……1km
Temporal ….. daily 6 hours (fronts)
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop ESTEC 20-21 January 200413
Integrated Observing System
Satellites can not provide everything:
Models
Inverse modelling / data assimilation
Surface Observations/ Aircrafts, Balloons
Process Studies, Campaigns
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop ESTEC 20-21 January 200414
Integrated Observing System (strategy)
Surface Measurements
Assimilation
/Inv.
Modelling
Satellites
Aircraft
Biosphere
Models
Biomass Burning
Emissions
J-values
Lightning
Atmospheric Chemistry Applications Workshop ESTEC 20-21 January 200415
User Segment
Strategy