Download 3. Movement Analysis

BTEC NC
Sport & Exercise Sciences
Unit 7
Anatomy for Sport & Exercise
Movement Patterns
Why is it important to have a system?
• To establish a global standard for communication
• To allow interpretation of analysis
• Reduces errors within Sports Science team
communication
• Increases Coach – Athlete understanding
The Anatomical Position
Anatomical Reference Position
•
•
•
•
•
erect standing position
feet slightly separated
arms
hanging relaxed at the sides
palms of hands facing forward
Planes of
Movement
• FRONTAL (or coronal)
separates the body into Anterior
and Posterior parts
• HORIZONTAL (or
transverse) separates the body
into Superior and Inferior parts
• SAGITTAL separates the body
into Left & Right halves
Axes of Movement
• VERTICAL AXIS
– Perpendicular to ground.
• SAGITTAL AXIS
– Runs from front to back.
• FRONTAL; AXIS
– Perpendicular to the Vertical
axis; runs from left to right.
Movement Patterns
INVESTIGATE:
• Abduction v Adduction
• Extension v Flexion
• Horizontal Flexion v Horizontal Extension
• Elevation v Depression
• Supination v Pronation
• Dorsiflexion v Plantarflexion
• Eversion v Inversion
• Rotation & Circumduction
Movement Actions
• PRIME MOVER or AGONIST
– Provides desired joint movement.
• SYNERGISTS (Neutralisers)
– Assist the Prime Mover.
• FIXATOR
– Prevents undesired joint movement at origin of
Prime Mover
• SUPPORTER
– Act against pull of gravity
• ANTAGONIST
– Opposing and contrasting muscle to Agonist
Types of Contraction
• Concentric Contraction
– Shortening of the muscle
• Eccentric Contraction
– Lengthening of the muscle – during contraction!
• Isotonic Contraction
– Equal tension in the muscle throughout action
• Isokinetic Contraction
– Equal Speed throughout the movement
• Isometric Contraction
– Static position despite contraction
REFERENCES
Web Site
http://www.ulb.ac.be/project/vakhum/vrml/t
utorials-example/vakhum_tutorials.htm