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Today... Elbow, Wrist, & Hand! Elbow: Anatomy, Injuries, Treatment, & Rehabilitation Bones of the Elbow Humerus Radius ulna Ligaments of the Elbow Medial Collateral Lateral Collateral Annular ligament Muscles of the Elbow Biceps Triceps Brachialis Elbow Dislocation May result in serious damage to ligaments, arteries, veins, and nerves paralysis of the fingers, arm, or hand is possible Treatment: Elbow Dislocation Don’t move the injury! Splint it as it is and apply icepacks. Go to ER immediately. Elbow Hyperextension Elbow is forced past its usual range of motion (ROM) athlete will keep the elbow in a bent position and won’t want to straighten the arm TX: Hyperextension RICE method check for deformity, swelling, discoloration, and point tenderness Tennis Elbow Inflammation of the lateral epicondoyle of the humerus Tennis Elbow Causes: overuse, weakness, poor technique, lack of flexibility, or inadequate warmup Tennis Elbow Athlete will experience general weakness of the muscles of the lower arm Little League Elbow Occurs in younger athletes when the muscle is stronger than the bone Muscle pulls away a bone chip from the arm Little League Elbow Possible for ulnar nerve to be injured, resulting in numbness, weakness, or tingling of the forearm, hand, or fingers (check CSM!!!) TX: LL Elbow RICE see physician or go to ER Wrist & Hand: Anatomy, Injuries, Treatment, & Rehabilitation Bones: Wrist & Hand Distal ends of the radius and ulna carpals metacarpals phalanges Wrist Sprains & Fractures Most common of all the upper extremity injuries because there are so many small wrist bones, always see a doctor to check for fractures TX: Sprains & Fractures RICE method always check for point tenderness Check CSM!!! Sprained Thumb Very common in basketball sprain of the M-P joint at the base of the thumb Sprained Thumb See physician, especially if there is pain going up through the wrist or the athlete is unable to pinch the thumb & forefinger together Jammed Finger Sprain of the PIP joint usually very painful but pain does not last RICE “buddy taping” Dislocated Finger Obvious deformity, swelling, pain splint as is--do not try to reduce the dislocation! RICE, CSM Mallet Finger Caused by a direct blow extensor tendon of one of the distal phalanges is torn from the bone Mallet Finger Tendon may pull off part of the bone (called an avulsion fracture) Mallet Finger The athlete won’t be able to hold the finger straight; the finger will appear to be hanging RICE, immediate transport to ER Ripped Hands Caused by severe calluses (common in gymnastics) best treatment is prevention!