Download Human Skeleton and Joints

Human Skeleton and Joints
Human Skeleton
Human Skeleton
• Axial:
• Appendicular:
Human Skeleton
• Axial: skull,
vertebrae, ribs,
sternum
• Appendicular:
Human Skeleton
• Axial: skull,
vertebrae, ribs,
sternum
– Axis of support for
upright body,
protects brain, spinal
cord, lungs, heart
• Appendicular:
Human Skeleton
• Axial:
• Appendicular:arm,
leg bones
Human Skeleton
• Axial:
• Appendicular:arm,
leg bones
– Supports arms and
legs
Long Bone
• Greater length than
width
Long Bone
• Greater length than
width
• Slightly curved
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
– Epiphysis (end)
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
– Epiphysis mostly
cancellous (spongy)
bone for absorbing
shock
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
– Epiphysis mostly
cancellous (spongy)
bone for absorbing
shock
– Diaphysis (shaft)
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
– Epiphysis mostly
cancellous (spongy)
bone for absorbing
shock
– Diaphysis (shaft)
compact bone with
hollow central cavity,
slightly curved
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
– Epiphysis mostly
cancellous (spongy)
bone for absorbing
shock
– Diaphysis (shaft)
compact bone with
hollow central cavity,
slightly curved for
strength & resisting
bending
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
– Epiphysis
– Diaphysis (shaft)
compact bone with
hollow central cavity,
slightly curved for
strength & resisting
bending
– Periosteum (vascular
sheath)
Long Bone
• Structure & function:
– Epiphysis
– Diaphysis (shaft)
compact bone with
hollow central cavity,
slightly curved for
strength & resisting
bending
– Periosteum (vascular
sheath) provides
nutrients to bone
cells
Bones of Elbow
• Humerous
• Ulna
• Radius
Bones of Elbow
•
•
•
•
•
Humerous
Ulna
Radius
Clavicle
Scapula
Muscles of Elbow
•
•
•
•
Biceps
Triceps
Brachioradialis
Pectoralis
Connective Tissues
•
•
•
•
•
Tendons
Ligaments
Cartilage
Synovial fluid
Joint capsule
Connective Tissues
• Tendons attach
muscle to bone
Connective Tissues
• Tendons attach
muscle to bone
• Ligaments connect
bone to bone
Connective Tissues
• Tendons attach
muscle to bone
• Ligaments connect
bone to bone
• Cartilage reduces
friction and absorbs
compression
Connective Tissues
• Tendons attach
muscle to bone
• Ligaments connect
bone to bone
• Cartilage reduces
friction and absorbs
compression
• Synovial fluid
lubricates to reduce
friction and provides
nutrients to the cells
of cartilage
Connective Tissues
• Tendons attach muscle
to bone
• Ligaments connect
bone to bone
• Cartilage reduces
friction and absorbs
compression
• Synovial fluid lubricates
to reduce friction and
provides nutrients to the
cells of cartilage
• Joint capsule surrounds
joint and encloses
synovial fluid
Synovial Joints
• Ball and Socket
• Hinge
Synovial Joints
• Ball and Socket
– Ball-like structure fits
into a cup-like
depression
• Hinge
Synovial Joints
• Ball and Socket
– Ball-like structure fits
into a cup-like
depression
• Hinge
– Convex surface fits
into a concave
surface
Synovial Joints
• Ball and Socket
– Flexion, extension,
abduction (away
from midline),
adduction, rotation
• Hinge
Synovial Joints
• Ball and Socket
– Flexion, extension,
abduction (away
from midline),
adduction, rotation
• Hinge
– Flexion, extension
Dislocation of an elbow