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Muscular System Purpose Provides motion Maintains posture 600+ muscles Two major categories: Voluntary Involuntary Voluntary We can control Arms Legs Face All movement Involuntary Functions without our control Heart (cardiac) Stomach Digestive tract Three Types of Muscles Smooth: Skeletal: Cardiac: muscles found in organs and in blood vessels and glands. attached to bone. Called striated because they are made up of fibers that have horizontal strips. muscles surrounding the heart. Smooth Muscle Involuntary Many internal organs; bladder, digestive tract, etc. Has a smooth coating Skeletal Muscle Muscle tissue that is attached to bone Help move your body Is a striated muscle (has lines) formed by the muscle fibers Cardiac Muscle Found only in the heart Contractions are generated by nerve stimulation Tendons Tough tissue fiber that attaches muscles to bones Muscles work in pairs: when one is contracting (shortening) the other must relax and lengthen Problems Pulled or torn muscle: muscle that has been torn away from the bone. Strain: Cramp: a muscle that has remained contracted. any type of soreness that develops in a muscle because of overuse. Caused by tiny tears to the muscle or tendon. Typically feels tight and sore and is a sign to drink more water. How to keep your Muscular System Healthy 1. 2. 3. 4. Discontinue exercise if you have a muscle injury Warm up and stretch before vigorous exercise Exercise different muscle groups regularly Select foods and beverages containing carbohydrates and proteins for energy and muscle development. Diet and the Muscular System Muscles are made up of proteins Foods high in protein are meat, fish, and poultry Other foods are nuts, dried beans, milk products, soybeans and tofu If a diet lacks “carbs” the body will burn protein.