Download Common Athletic Injuries

Common Athletic Injuries
Contusions, Strains & Sprains
Today’s Topics
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Introduction to soft tissue injuries
Anatomical properties of soft tissues
Mechanism of bruises
& contusions
Muscle strains
Ligament sprains
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Introduction to Soft Tissue
Injuries
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Soft tissues in the body
Injuries common in athletics
Evaluate ASAP
Open vs. closed soft tissue injuries
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Anatomical Properties of Soft
Tissue
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Collagenous tissues
Collagen: protein strong in resisting tension
1. Configuration
2. Effect on fibers
3. Strength & flexibility to tissues
4. Relatively inelastic
Elastin: protein which supplies elasticity to
connective tissue
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Anatomical Properties of Soft
Tissue
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Skin: composed of 2 major layers
1. Epidermis
2. Dermis
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Anatomical Properties of Soft
Tissue
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Tendons & ligaments composition
1. Tendons: fiber arrangement &
functional application
2. Ligaments: fiber arrangement &
functional application
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Aponeuroses
1. Structure
2. Definition/function
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Anatomical Properties of Soft Tissue
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Muscle
1. Organization/structure
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Anatomical Properties of Soft Tissue
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Muscle
2. Characteristic properties
a. extensibility
b. elasticity
c. irritability
d. contractility- concentric & eccentric
e. viscoelastic
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Tissue Stress
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Tension
 Compression
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Shear
 Bending
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Torsion
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Skin Injury Classifications
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Abrasions: caused by SHEAR when skin
scraped by sufficient force
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Skin Injury Classifications
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Blisters: repeated application of SHEAR
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Skin Injury Classifications Contusions
Caused by which type of force?
 Mechanism: blunt object strikes body &
crushes tissue beneath the skin
1. Blood vessels tear
2. Blood & plasma leak into wound area
3. Results in localized pain
4. Forms hematoma
Most common location:
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Broken Skin Injury Classifications
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Incision
Laceration
Avulsion
Puncture
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Strains
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Definition
Tissues involved
Mechanisms
1. Overstretch
2. Dynamic overload
3. Fatigue?
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Strains
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Degrees of severity
1. 1st degree (mild): stretching of
some fibers
2. 2nd degree (moderate): stretching
& tearing of some fibers
3. 3rd degree (severe): complete tear
or rupture
Most common locations
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Sprains
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Definitions
Tissues involved
Mechanism
1. Joint is forced beyond normal
anatomical limits
2. Involves external force
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Sprains
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Sprains
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Degrees of severity
1. 1st degree (mild): stretching only no loss of continuity
2. 2nd degree (moderate): partial tear
3. 3rd degree (severe): complete
rupture of ligament
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Summary
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Knowledge of tissue properties & forces
Recognize mechanism of injury (MOI)
Familiarize with normal joint movements &
limits
Recognize possible tissue involved by
knowledge of anatomy
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