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Growth & Development,
Healthy Relationships, Sexual Health
Chapter 10: Pg. 240 – Pg. 251
Chapter 11: Pg. 262 – Pg. 267
Chapter 17: Pg. 442 – Pg. 447
Your Changing Body
Adolescence: the stage of development
between childhood and development.
Puberty: the part of adolescence when the
reproductive system becomes mature.
Puberty
• Between the ages of 9 and 13 years old.
• Puberty occurs because of the release of hormones.
Hormone: chemical made in one part of the body that is
carried through the bloodstream and causes a change in
another part of the body.
MALE Sex Hormone: Testosterone
FEMALE Sex Hormone: Estrogen & Progesterone
Puberty – Physical Changes
Sex Characteristics: traits related to ones gender.
Primary Sex Characteristics
- Directly related to production of gametes.
- Gametes: reproductive cells produced by the gonads.
Male Gametes: take the form of sperm.
Female Gametes: take the form of ovum.
- All ovum are present at birth, but do not mature until puberty.
- Sperm is not produced (created) until puberty.
Puberty – Physical Changes
- Male puberty usually occurs between the ages
of 13 and 15.
- Female puberty usually occurs between the
ages of 9 and 16.
Puberty – Physical Changes
Male Secondary Sex Characteristics:
- Acne Develops
- Facial Hair Grows
- Height & Weight Increase
- Voice Deepens
- Hair Grows Under Arms and On Body
- Fat is Deposited In Lower Abdomen
- Shoulders Widen
- Pubic Hair Grows
Puberty – Physical Changes
Female Secondary Sex Characteristics:
- Acne Develops
- Height & Weight Increase
- Breasts Develop
- Hips Widen & Pelvis Tilts
- Pubic Hair Grows
- Fat is Deposited In Buttocks and Thighs
- Menstruation Begins
Menstruation: monthly discharge of blood and tissue from the
body through the vagina. Signal that a girls body is mature
enough to become pregnant.
Puberty Concerns
CONCERNS FOR TEENS (all temporary):
- Great variation in people the same age.
- Awkward bodies.
- Girls may be much taller at certain stages.
- Body hair before others.
- Breast development before other girls (young ages)
- Cracking voice.
Puberty – Mental Changes
• During Adolescents, Brain Reaches Adult Size
• Cognition & Memory Increase
Cognition: the act of knowing, including both
awareness and judgment.
Puberty – Mental Changes
• Childhood = 1 Solution to Problem
• Adolescence = predict outcomes of situations,
multiple solutions to problems.
• Abstract Thought: thought about ideas that
are beyond what you see or experience.
Puberty – Mental Changes
• Think Logically, Reasoning Increase
• More Complicated Problems/Thoughts
• Look Beyond Self, Think of Others
• Career Interests, Goals, Views, Philosophy
• Others Point of View
Puberty – Mental Changes
• These changes can be difficult to deal with.
• To cope, some teens partake in the following risky
behavior to feel like they have control:
- sexual activity
- tobacco use
- alcohol use
- drug use
- poor nutrition
- lack of exercise
- unnecessary physical risks
Puberty – Changing Feelings
• Changes lead to mood swings.
• Happy one day, next day you are sad, angry, anxious,
etc…
• Normal
• If it takes over your life, you should seek help.
EX: Interferes with normal function, injure
yourself, etc…
Puberty – Changing Feelings
Attraction: is admiration for someone that may include
the desire to get to know that person better.
Infatuation: is admiration for someone while not
recognizing that persons flaws.
- Usually occurs early in Adolescence
- “Crushes”
- Most “Crushes only last a short time.
- Normal
Puberty – Changing Feelings
Later in Adolescence, Early Adulthood:
Sexual Attraction: face gets hot and flushed, heart beats
faster, hands get clammy, fluttery feelings inside.
Love: is deep affection for someone and is based on
true desire for the other persons interest .
Note: these will be discussed in more detail at a later time.
Puberty – Social Changes
• Search for Independence (free of control of others).
• Friendships & Peer Acceptance - Extremely Important
• Develop Identities or “Cliques”
• May Change Constantly, But Should Stay True To Self &
Morals (hard for adolescence)
• Healthy Personal Identity (next slide)
Puberty – Personal Identity
Personal Identity: the factors you believe make you unique, or
unlike anyone else.
Questions to Ask:
1. Am I carrying out my responsibilities on my own, without
needed someone to remind me?
2. Can I make independent decisions and accept
consequences of them?
3. Am I thinking about what I want to do after high school?
Puberty – Personal Identity
4. Have I examined my beliefs about what behavior is
appropriate?
5. Does my behavior reflect my values, morals or
standards in which I believe?
6. Do I expect to work for what I want, rather than it
given to me?
Key Developmental Tasks
Important Tasks of Teens:
- forming relationships w/people your age and both genders.
- achieving masculine or feminine role
- accepting physique
- achieving emotional independence from parents/adults
- prepare for marriage/family life/career
- acquiring personal standards
- developing social intelligence, aware of others needs, helping others
attain their goals
Homework
Pg. 247 Lesson Review
#1, #4
Pg. 251 Lesson Review
#5
Healthy Relationships
Relationship: emotional or social connection
you have with another person or group.
- Does not have to be “boy/girl friend.”
- Healthy Relationships require healthy social
skills.
Social Skills
• Expressing Yourself (Communication)
• Communicate to others what you are feeling.
• Think about what you are going to say, speak
clearly, and ask questions to make sure others
understand.
Social Skills
• Communication Does not Have to Be Verbal
• You can express self through other methods:
- Poetry
- Dancing
- Playing Instrument
- Painting
- Sculpting
- Writing
Social Skills
Communication Through Behavior (3 types):
- Passive, Aggressive, Assertive.
Assertive Behavior : expressing thoughts/feelings in a
respectful way.
Example on Next Slide
Behavior Examples
Situation: someone cuts in front of you in line.
Passive: You do nothing.
Aggressive: You sart pushing, shouting, disrespectful.
Assertive: You respectfully ask the person in front of
you to go to the end of the line.
Social Skills Continued
• Active Listening
• Body Language
• Refusal Skills
Healthy Relationships: Sensitivity Skills
Empathy: sharing and understanding another
persons feelings.
Tolerance: is the ability to overlook differences
and accept people for who they are.
Healthy Relationships: Other Skills
- Personal Self-Esteem
- Good Character In Self
- Caring
- Respect
- Dependability
- Loyalty
- Honesty
Teen Dating
• “Crush” Develops
• Dating: is going out with people you find attractive
and interesting.
• Best way to begin dating is group dating.
• Group dating is fun, safe, and teaches healthy
relationships.
Teen Dating
Showing Affection (dating or not):
- giving a smile or kind laugh
- telling someone how much they mean to you
- remembering a birthday
- writing a card, note, letter
- giving a small gift
- cheering for someone at a game
- spending time together
- holding hands
Teen Dating
Being Clear About Affection:
-
Letting someone know how you feel can be difficult.
Not everyone appreciates the same expression.
Expressing affection aloud can be difficult.
Don’t write a script, but plan ahead.
Pay attention to other persons response.
Teen Dating
Being Clear About Affection:
- If other person seems uncomfortable, back off and give
time to respond.
- If response is not clear, ask for clarification.
- Affection is based on respect.
- Respecting others shows you like them.
- EX: If they asked not to be touched, don’t do it!
Practicing Abstinence
Sexual Abstinence
• Adolescence Leads to Sexual Attraction
• Face gets hot and flushed, heart beats faster, hands
get clammy, fluttery feelings inside.
• You cannot control the feelings. It’s normal and
healthy.
• Sexual Attraction is not Love
Decisions About Sexual Activity
• Teens are constantly pressured by sex.
• Movies, TV, commercials, magazines, music,
billboards, how peers dress, friends, etc…
• More & more difficult to resist the urge.
• Hormones/arousal and clear thinking do not coexist.
Decisions About Sexual Activity
• You must think through sexual decision before
you are tempted by sexual activity.
• What are you sacrificing for a few moments of
pleasure?
• How would pregnancy (not avoidable) change
your life?
Decisions About Sexual Activity
Abstinence: is the conscious decision to avoid
harmful behaviors, including sexual activity
before marriage and the use of tobacco,
alcohol, and other drugs.
Decisions About Sexual Activity
• Sex must be, not should be , waited on until
marriage.
• There is absolutely no justifiable reason as to why
you cannot wait until marriage.
• Risk vs. Reward, Long-Term vs. Short-Term
Consequences of Sexual Activity
Pregnancy
- Adolescence is already a full-time job. Why add to caring for an infant?
- Are you ready to be a parent?
- Time
- Money
- Emotions
- Sleep
- Other Sacrifices
- Serious complications for pregnancy at a young age.
- What about the future of your baby?
Possible Sexual Pressures
1. “You’re the only person in the class who has not had sex.”
2. “If you really loved me you would.”
3. “It would mean so much to me.”
4. “Is there something wrong with you.”
5. “Just this once”
6. “We are going to get married anyway.”
Sexual Activity & Infectious Disease
INTRO VIDEO CLIP
Click Here
Sexual Activity & Infectious Disease
Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD): contagious
infections that are spread from person to
person by sexual contact.
- More than 75 different STDS.
- 1 in 5 Americans Have an STD.
Sexual Activity & Infectious Disease
STD Statistics:
- More than 75 different STDS.
- 1 in 5 Americans Have an STD.
- GREATEST RISK: Ages 15-19
- 3 Million adolescents contract an STD each year
- 1 in 4 get an STD before graduating high school
Sexual Activity & Infectious Disease
• Spread through bodily fluids.
• Caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, of other infectious
agents.
• Many can be treated, but some have no cure.
Common Universal Symptoms: Discharge from the genitals,
sores on genital area, a rash, pain while urinating.
NOTE: Can be a carrier without knowing (no symptoms).
Respond
How could being a carrier of an STD with no
symptoms be dangerous?
Types of STD’s
NAME: Chlamydia (Kluh MID ee uh)
SYMPTOMS: Some show no symptoms, others have a
genital discharge, painful urination, and abdominal pain.
TREATMENT: Antibiotics taken by mouth.
LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES: Sterility and liver infection.
CLICK HERE
Types of STD’s
NAME: Gonorrhea (Gahn uh REE uh)
SYMPTOMS: Some show no symptoms, others have a genital
discharge, painful urination, and severe abdominal pain.
TREATMENT: Antibiotics taken by mouth. But, new strains are
showing resistance.
LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES: Sterility, liver infection,
testicular disease.
CLICK HERE
Types of STD’s
NAME: Syphilis (SIF uh lis)
SYMPTOMS: Sores, fever, body rash, swollen lymph nodes.
TREATMENT: Antibiotics taken by mouth.
LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES: Mental illness, heart and kidney
damage, and death.
CLICK HERE
Types of STD’s
NAME: Genital Herpes
SYMPTOMS: Outbreaks of painful blisters or sores around the
genital area that recur, swelling in the genital area, burning
during urination.
TREATMENT: Cannot be cured. Treatment with antiviral
medication can decrease the length and frequency of
outbreaks. Help prevent spreading.
LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES: Cervical Cancer, Baby Deformities
CLICK HERE
Types of STD’S
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome): serious viral
disease that destroys the bodys immune system. Aids is
caused by a virus (HIV).
HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV is a virus, AIDS is a Disease caused by the VIRUS.
NOTE: A person can be infected with HIV, but not have AIDS.
HIV & AIDS
• Can be years before symptoms show for HIV
Infection (incubation period).
• Majority of people infected with HIV, develop
AIDS and die.
HIV & AIDS
Where did it come from (not sure)?
BEST GUESS: Dead monkey with similar SIV, gave it to
a hunter through its blood (slightly changed to HIV
through the process).
1959 = Blood test confirm first case recorded (Africa)
1981 = 4 Cases reported outside Africa in California
Today = 40 Millions Cases
How HIV Is Spread
Sexual Content: most common.
Sharing Needles: when needles are used to inject drugs,
blood can remain on needles and passed to the next user.
Blood Transfusion: rare in US because of thorough testing of
blood supply.
Mother to Child: passed to unborn child through a shared
blood supply, or through breast milk. Also rare because of
new drug treatments.
Effects of AIDS on Body
• HIV attacks immune system.
• Body’s ability to fight infection is destroyed.
• People who suffer from AIDS usually die from an
infection that they cannot fight off. But, also cancer.
Opportunistic Infection: infection that happens only in
people whose immune systems are not working well.
Treatment for HIV / AIDS
• Cannot be cured.
• Can be delayed.
• Combination of several drugs may slow the
reproduction and increase the incubation
period.
More Consequences of Sexual Activity
Loss of Self-Respect: against values, sneaking around,
lying fear of being caught, fear of consequences, fear
of unknown.
Negative Effects on Social Relationships: reputation,
expectations of other relationships, ruined
relationships, etc
Family Disapproval
RESPOND
What do you feel is the best way to prevent all
of the negative consequences discussed in
class from happening?
Making a Commitment to Abstinence
• Establish Priorities: what is most important in your life? How
would a pregnancy or STD effect your priorities?
• Set Personal Limits: base these limits off of your priorities. Set
limits in advance, not in the heat of the moment.
• Share w/Girlfriend or Boyfriend: if you cannot communicate
or appreciate each others priorities or limits, you are not in a
mature, healthy relationship.
Making a Commitment to Abstinence
• Discuss w/a Trusted Adult: can be a release valve for
frustration, fears, questions, etc.
• Stay Away of High-Pressure Situations: go on group
dates, avoid closed doors, avoid dark rooms, avoid
“parking”, avoid drugs/alcohol, avoid crazy boys/girls
Homework
Pg. 282 – 283 Chapter Review
All odd even numbers!